【作者】 王岩；

【导师】 吕周聚；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 贾平凹是当代有重要影响的乡土文学作家,浓厚的乡土情结和现实主义关怀已成为贯穿其小说创作的重要精神线索。本文通过对贾平凹乡土题材小说的研究,总结出其小说独特的艺术魅力,探寻其对商州现代化进程中出现的各种问题的关注和新时期农民生存状态的剖析,并试图找到乡土中国在中国城镇现代化进程中的精神出路。文章分为三大部分:第一章,商州文化的常与变,商州文化是贾平凹小说创作的主要灵感来源,商州自然景象、地域文化和传统文化对贾平凹小说创作影响至深,在其小说中得到了传承,构成了其小说中商州文化的“常”;同时,进入改革开放的新时期后,西方现代文化进入中国,对古老的商州产生了巨大的影响,商州文化呈现出“变”的一面,这种变化在其小说中得到了具体表现。第二章,秦腔土韵,笔者试图从语言的角度分析贾平凹乡土题材小说,贾平凹巧妙地将文言、方言融入现代文本,特别是秦腔这种地方戏曲的加入,既给他的小说注入了地域特色,表达方式上也更加形象到位。第三章,三秦大地上的人生百态,通过对纯朴人际关系、金钱对人的异化和农民工生存状态、精神境遇的分析,了解贾平凹对20世纪90年代以来农村日益萧条和农民精神物质双重贫困的忧思。贾平凹以顽强的奋斗精神和旺盛的创作生命力创作了大量作品,从20世纪70年代直到现在,出版长篇小说近20部,中篇小说30余部,散文集30余部,此外还有言论集、文论集、诗集和书画集,其作品被翻译成日语、法语、韩语,在海外广泛传播。关于贾平凹小说研究的著述也很多,也比较全面。在他创作的不同阶段,学者们对其作品的评论是不同的,但总体上看还是得到肯定的。贾平凹一直用他的写实之笔描述着他所熟悉和关注的商州民风民俗及商州人民的生存状态,评论者对贾平凹乡土小说的研究是多方面的。贾平凹作为20世纪七、八十年代成长起来的作家,西方文学思潮、文学流派必然影响着他的思维方式与价值观念,关于贾平凹乡土题材小说存在主义文学观的研究也比较深刻,其对乡村价值观念、农民生存状态的探究都是学者们研究的对象。但对贾平凹小说中个体孤独、死亡,人与人之间关系的荒诞、隔膜等“存在”式的主题的研究,缺乏足够的重视。本文主要采用文献研究法和比较分析法进行研究。笔者根据确定的研究课题,通过调查文献来获得资料,对与本课题相关的文献数据、论著、论文进行查阅、分析、总结,从而全面地、正确地了解本课题研究的历史及现状,整理出对本课题研究有价值的参考文献。总之,贾平凹的乡土题材小说为我们呈现了改革开放以来独到的农村生活画面和浓郁的西北乡土风情,让我们能紧随时代步伐,体会新时期以来农村的新变化和农民精神的新面貌。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jia Pingwa is the most influencial contemporary vernacular author. Deep concerns for local complex and realistic have become the vital spiritual clues throughout all his novels. Based on the study of novels of Jia Pingwa and a summary of his unique artistic charms, this thesis will analyze the concerns about all kinds of problems during the process of modernization of Shangzhou and explore the state of peasant life style in new periods,as well as spiritual way out for vernacular China in course of her urbanization.The article is divided into three parts: Chapter 1 is a description of the routine and change of Shangzhou culture. When Jia Pingwa creates his novels, Shangzhou culture is the main source of inspiration. Shangzhou natural scene as well as the local and traditional culture has profound impact on them, which is inherited to form the routine in his novels. Meanwhile, ever since the new era of reform and opening to the outside world, western cultures have come into China, which produce a great effect on ancient Shangzhou, leading to its change reflected in his novels. Among the discussion of the effects of Shangzhou culture, the author attempts to find the meaning of human existence that Jia Pingwa is exploring. This is also can be regarded as the effect of Sartre Existentialism Literature. Chapter 2 is about Qin-opera and land charm; the author tries to analyze Jia Pingwa’s novels from the point of view of language and his ingeniously introducing classical dialect, especially the local Qin-opera into modern literature. Upon this, his novel is injected into regional features and has more implement expressiveness. Chapter 3 describes the life phenomena of Shanxi (Shanxi was also named Sanqin in ancient times). Talking about the simple relationships, human alienation due to money and the analysis of the living condition and mental status of the peasants, this part will try to understand Jia Pingwa’s concerns about the constant depression of rural area and the double poverty of peasant’s mental and material world since the 1990s.Jia Pingwa has produced a great number of works with diligency and creation. Ever since the 1970s, he has published about 20 long novels, 30 medium novels, 30 prose collections as well as quotations, critics, poems and calligraghs, which have been translated into Japanese, French and Korean and spread abroad. Works on his novels are rich and comprehensive. At different stages of his creation, scholars have made varied comments on his works, to the effective of posive.Jia pingwa has realistically described Shangzhou life customs and style he is familiar with, the comments on which are manifold. As a writer growing up around the 1970s and 1980s, his thinking style and value perception are inevitabally inluenced by western literature tides and schools. Existential researches on his vernacular novels are profound, and his research into countryside value perception and peasants’living conditions are the targets of scholars. However, such topics as individual loneliness and death, absurdity and estrangement in the relations among people reflected in his novels lack sufficient emphasis.The present paper mainly adopts literature review and comparative analysis as research method. Based on the set topic, the author obtains materials via literature review and analyzes and summarizes related works and papers, so as to fully and correctly understand the research condidtions both in history and at present, and sort out the references valuable to research of the topic.In short, Jia Pingwa presents us original picture and strong northwest local customs since reform and opening up, so that we can keep pace with the times and understand the new change of rural and new spirit of peasants.更多还原