【作者】 张晶；

【导师】 张景焕；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 创造力研究已经从仅仅关注个体发展到关注个体与环境因素相结合。已有文献表明,心境是个体与环境相互作用的结果,也是影响创造力的重要变量。而环境因素如任务的框架或感情色彩也会对个体产生影响,个体作为自身发展的积极促进者,对环境有着能动的作用。本研究将考察在任务框架下,心境对创造力的影响及认知灵活性、认知持续性在心境与创造力间的影响机制。本研究采用随机抽样法,实验一的研究对象为146名大学生,采用单因素随机区组设计,考察不同心境对创造力及其各维度的影响。实验二的研究对象为238名大学生,采用5×2多因素随机区组设计,考察任务框架下心境对创造力及其各维度的影响。并进一步考察任务框架在心境与创造力之间的机制,不同任务框架下认知灵活性、认知持续性在心境与创造力间的机制。研究主要采用独立样本T检验、单因素方差分析、多元方差分析、层次回归分析等统计方法,主要研究结论如下:1、心境在创造力及其各维度上差异显著,激活心境个体创造力高于未激活心境个体,即愉快、生气、害怕心境个体创造力高于放松、悲伤心境个体。2、心境与任务框架在创造力上的交互作用显著,在娱乐性任务框架下,愉快心境个体创造力高于其他四种心境个体;在严肃性任务框架下,生气、害怕心境个体创造力高于其他三种心境个体。3、任务框架在心境与创造力间起调节作用。具体来说,在严肃性任务框架下,放松心境负向预测创造力;生气、害怕心境正向预测创造力。4、在任务框架下,认知灵活性在心境与创造力间起中介作用。具体来说,在严肃性任务框架下,认知灵活性在愉快、放松心境与创造力总分、流畅性之间起部分中介作用。5、在任务框架下,认知持续性在心境与创造力间起中介作用。具体来说,在严肃性任务框架下,认知持续性在生气、害怕心境与创造力总分及流畅性、独创性间起部分中介作用。在娱乐性任务框架下,认知持续性在悲伤心境与创造力总分、流畅性之间起部分中介作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking a view of creativity can bring new and important insights to our understanding of the both process and outcomes of creative generation. Literature shows that mood is the result of interaction of individual and environment as a important variable affecting creativity. The environmental factors such as the task framing or emotional impact take effect to the individual performance, and as an active promoter of self-development, individual also play a dynamic role on the environment. Therefore, the present study will examine the effects of mood on creativity in different task framing, and the mechanism of cognitive flexibility and cognitive persistence between mood and creativity.The present study took random sampling as the research method. In the first experiment, we investigated 146 freshmen as participants, with single factor randomized block design, examined the effects of creativity and its dimensions. In the second experiment, we investigated 238 freshmen as participants, with 5×2 multi-factor randomized block design, examined the effects of mood and task framing on creativity and its dimensions. Furthermore, we examined the mechanism of task framing between mood and creativity, the mechanisms of cognitive flexibility and cognitive persistence between mood and creativity in different task framings. In present study, we mainly took the independent samples T test, ANOVA analysis, multivariate analysis of variance as the statistical analysis and hierarchy regression.The main conclusions are as follows:1. Mood had significantly difference on creativity and its dimensions. Creativity of individuals in activating mood was higher than individuals in deactivating mood, that is to say, creativity of individuals in happy, anger and fear mood was higher than individuals in relax and sad mood.2. The interact effect of mood and task framing on creativity had significant differences. In fun task framing, individuals in happy mood got the highest score than other four moods in creativity and its dimensions. In serious task framing, creativity of individuals in anger and sad mood was higher than individuals in other three moods.3. Task framing can moderate the relationship between mood and creativity, in detail, in serious task framing, individuals in relax mood predicted creativity in negative direction, individuals in anger and fear mood predicted creativity in positive direction.4. In different task framing, cognitive flexibility partly mediated the relationship between mood and creativity. In detail, in serious task framing, cognitive flexibility partly mediated the relationship between individuals in happy mood and creativity and fluency, the relationship between individuals in relax mood and creativity and fluency.5. In different task framing, cognitive persistence partly mediated the relationship between mood and creativity. In detail, in serious task framing, cognitive persistence partly mediated the relationship between individual in anger mood and creativity , fluency and originality, the relationship between individual in fear mood and creativity , fluency and originality. In fun task framing, cognitive persistence partly mediated the relationship between individual in sad mood and creativity , fluency and originality.更多还原