【作者】 高杨；

【导师】 郑洁；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 皮肤温度、人体温度、出汗和皮肤湿润度对人体的热感觉、热舒适有明显影响。热湿环境下人体的热不舒适主要由人体出汗和体温升高引起。在较热环境下或由于劳动、运动而具有较高代谢率水平的人,热不舒适与人体的出汗之间存在更多的联系。本课题选用体表电阻抗为主要参数,分析人体在各种稳态环境下的出汗程度、皮肤湿润度、热舒适度变化情况,为热舒适研究提供新的方法。本文以人体出汗作为切入点,采用简单的体表电阻抗法,结合主观问卷调查,对出汗程度、室内热环境及其对人体热舒适的影响等问题进行了研究,主要研究工作和结论如下:(1)建立了人体二节点模型下的体表电阻抗模型及其理论假设。(2)通过分析体表电阻抗与皮肤湿润度之间的联系,判断热舒适状态。用体表电阻抗表示整体皮肤湿润度,额头对皮肤湿润度的权重最大,背部、左上臂次之,左手背最小。(3)通过体表电阻抗的测试和主观出汗感的问卷调查,对室内热环境下人体的出汗情况进行了分析,得到体表电阻抗与出汗感觉之间的定量关系。人体皮肤各个部位阻抗组合可分为四类,对应不同的出汗感觉:属于A类时,出汗感觉在皮肤舒适到皮肤有持续发热感觉之间,概率是100%;属于B类时,出汗感在持续热感到稍微出汗的概率为80%;属于C类时,出汗感有67%的概率出现在稍微出汗到出汗很多为形成汗珠的状态;属于D类时,则出汗感从出汗很多未形成汗珠到有大量汗珠的概率为60%。左上臂的体表电阻抗对整体出汗感解释权最大,颈部次之,左小臂最小。(4)对出汗感的相关关系的权重研究表明,颈部的出汗感觉对整体出汗感影响最大,左上臂次之,额头最小。对出汗感觉与热舒适和热感觉相关关系的研究表明,当出汗感觉在0~2之间时(即当皮肤没有出汗时),人体的热舒适状态基本维持在舒适与有点不舒适之间,概率为96%,热环境是可接受的。当出汗感在2~4之间时,仍认为环境可接受的占58%。当出汗感在4~6之间时,即出汗感觉为从出汗很多到大量出汗形成汗珠时,有56%的概率认为是很不舒适,环境不可忍受。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the area of air conditioning ,thermal comfort had been researched for a long time as the basic theory. From the theory, skin temperature, body temperature and skin wettedness had been proved to be important for the human comfort. In the hot and humid environment, sweating had a great influence to the thermal uncomfortable.Regarding one of thermal regulation behaviors of human body——sweating, this paper applied body surface impedance device with the subjective sense vote method in the thermal comfort research. This paper mainly has done some work on the following aspects:(1) The theory based on the two node model of human temperature regulation, had been established to explain the relationship between the human comfort and the body surface impedance.(2) Applying the body surface impedance to the human comfort research , the corresponding relationship that explained the skin wettedness by the body surface impedance has been found. In the relationship the forehead surface impedance had the most important weight to explain the wettedness , the back followed and the left hand back the minimum.(3) The corresponding relationship between body surface impedance and sweating sense can be divided into four categories: A,B,C,D. If the test data belonged to A, the probability that the sweating sense vote was between the comfort and a slight hot sense or a continuous heating is 100%.; if it belonged to B, the probability that the sweating sense was between the slight hot sense or a continuous heating and a little sweating was 80%; if it belonged to C, the probability that the sweating sense vote between a little sweating and normal sweating was 66.67%; if it belonged to D, the probability that the sweating sense was between the normal sweating and sweating a lot was 59.26%.The surface impedance of the upper arm had the most important weight to explain the sweating sense vote ,the neck followed and the lower arm back the minimum.(4) The paper had get the relationship between the local sweating sense and the overall and had found the relationship between the sweating sense and the thermal comfort. The sweating sense of the neck was the best one to explain the overall sweating vote, the upper arm followed and the forearm back the minimum.更多还原