【作者】 张毅；

【导师】 何跃；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 从20世纪50年代末开始,随着计算机的兴起和不断发展,以及互联网的诞生和广泛应用,直到20世纪七八十年代,被普遍认为是信息时代的开始,人们对信息的需求量日益增大,从而把信息对整个社会的影响逐步提高到一种绝对重要的地位。从石器时代,红铜时代,青铜时代,铁器时代,黑暗时代,启蒙时代,蒸汽时代,电气时代,原子时代等到如今的信息时代,每一时代的诞生、发展、繁华、衰落、替代无一不是个自组织过程。信息时代的出现大大的发展了社会生产力,改变了也正改变着中国人几千年传承下来的传统生活方式、工作方式、学习方式、思维方式、交往方式、甚至表达方式等。我们今天要讨论的是流行于网络上的虚拟社区正是这种改变人们传统习惯的主要原始信息采集场和加工场。虚拟社区伴随着互联网的产生而出现,随着整个网络的发展也在逐渐的完善和壮大。越来越多的调查研究资料表明,虚拟社区从萌芽、发展到演化都是一个自组织过程,网民的注意力呈现好的愈好,坏的愈坏,多的愈多,少的愈少的“马太效应”,网络的影响力呈现以点到面,以单一到群体,不可预测的“蝴蝶效应”。本文主要从科学技术哲学的角度出发,用辩证的观点和科技发展的眼光合理运用自组织理论来探讨当今互联网上作为复杂巨系统的虚拟社区是如何萌芽、发展、演化、繁荣、衰败、修复、重生这样一个“否定之否定”过程。首先从了解自组织理论和虚拟社区入手,进而对虚拟社区进行系统分析和理论概括,了解虚拟社区的内部构造和基本类型、社区居民交往场所和交往手段以及交流方式、虚拟社区现行的管理层面及与之相应的规章管理制度,并比较了传统现实社区与网络虚拟社区的联系和区别,剖析其存在的原因及问题,并重点解析了虚拟社区及其演化的一系列自组织现象:开放性、自发性、非线性、涨落和突变,通过借鉴一些典型虚拟社区的成功案例,提出建议和对策,有助于丰富我国关于虚拟社区及其演化的自组织观点。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the 20th century, late 50s, with the rise of computers and it’s constant development, and the birth of the internet and it’s widely used, until the 20th century’s seven eighties, is widely considered the beginning of the information age, people growing demand for information, thus the impact of the information society as a whole gradually increased to an absolute importance. From the Stone Age, Copper Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Dark Age, Enlightenment Age, Steam Age, Electricity Age, Atomic Age until today’s Information Age, each time the birth, development, prosperity, decline, replacement,without exception, is a self-organizing process.The emergence of the information age substantially developed the social productive forces, changed and are changing the Chinese people’s tradition passed down for thousands of life, work, learning, thinking, communication methods, or expression method. Today we are discussing the popurlar network virtual community is changing traditional practices that the major source information collection and processing field. Virtual community with the emergence of the internet generation, with the development of the entire network is gradually improving and expanding. More and more research data show that the virtual community from embryonic development to evolution is a self-organizing process, the attention of internet users show the "Matthew Effect", the influence of the network show "The Butterfly Effect".This article from the angle of scientific and technical philosophy, use dialectical point of view and technology develop vision and reasonable use self-organization theory to explore the internet today as a complex giant system of virtual communities are how sprouting, development, evolution, prosperity, decline, repair, rebirth, like a "negation of negation" process. First, from the understanding of self-organization theory and virtual communities to start, further systematic analysis of virtual communities and the theory of general, understand the internal structure of virtual communities and the basic types, community resident’s means of communication and interaction sites, the current management of virtual community level and the corresponding regulatory system, and compared with the traditional real community ties and differences between virtual communities,to analyze the reason for the existence and problems, and stress analysis of the virtual community and its evolution in a series of self-organization: openness, spontaneous, nonlinear, fluctuation and mutation, through the example of some typical success stories of virtual community, give some suggestions and countermeasures, help to enrich our virtual community and its evolution on self-organization point of view.更多还原