【作者】 胡欢；

【导师】 王祥荣；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 环境科学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国水体富营养化现象日趋严重,由之而产生的藻类水华问题也日趋严峻,对水域环境和生态安全造成极大的危害。在利用物理、化学和其它生物方法控制藻类水华不甚理想的情况下,利用溶藻细菌对水华藻类进行治理逐渐成为了目前有害藻类控制的研究热点。本文以湖泊水华暴发最常见的组成成分铜绿微囊藻为研究目标,选择对于铜绿微囊藻有明显去除效果的溶藻细菌H1,研究其对于铜绿微囊藻的降解特性,同时初步分析了不同配方的复合溶藻微生物菌剂对于铜绿微囊藻的降解效果。溶藻细菌H1对铜绿微囊藻的溶藻特性研究表明：溶藻细菌H1对于铜绿微囊藻有很好的处理效果,但在溶藻24～48 h后,会向水体释放大量的氮和磷。溶藻细菌H1没有直接溶藻作用,其是通过释放胞外物质进行间接溶藻的,该胞外物质是通过溶藻细菌自身代谢过程而产生的胞外分泌物,通过参与铜绿微囊藻的降解反应对铜绿微囊藻进行降解,该胞外物质还具有热稳定性,亲水性。溶藻细菌H1的溶藻效果随着溶藻细菌培养时间的增加而增强,随着铜绿微囊藻的生长周期的增加而减弱,溶藻细菌H1对处于生长初期的铜绿微囊藻的处理效果最好,处于生长平稳期的H1菌对藻液的降解效果明显强于处于生长期的H1菌。以H1菌为主的复合溶藻菌剂的研究表明,D1菌与H1菌混合对复合溶藻菌剂降解铜绿微囊藻的效率产生一定的抑制作用,该抑制作用随着D1菌添加比例的减少而减小；K2菌与H1菌混合对复合溶藻菌剂降解铜绿微囊藻的效率没有显著的影响；T5菌与H1菌混合会对复合溶藻菌剂降解铜绿微囊藻的效率产生一定的促进作用,该促进作用随着T5菌添加比例的增加而增强。同时,D1菌对于复合溶藻菌剂的抑制影响要大于T5菌的促进作用。以H1菌为主的复合溶藻微生物菌剂最佳配方为H1菌与T5菌以1：1进行混合,同时在实际应用中,可以考虑加入一定量的K2菌来增强复合菌群对于水体环境改变的缓冲能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, eutrophication and harmful algae blooms have become increasingly severe in our country. As a result, aquatic environment and aquatic ecological safety have been greatly endangered. The use of algicidal bacteria to control algal blooms attracted many concern while the physical, chemical and other biological methods are not good at removing algae. In this paper, Microcystis aeruginosa, which is the main components in algae blooms, and algicidal bacteria H1, which has a significant effect in the degradation of Microcystis aeruginosa, were selected as research objective to study the algae-lysing characterization of Microcystis aeruginosa by algicidal bacterium H1. Meanwhile, the lytic effect of multiple algicidal microorganisms with different formula was studied.The algae-lysing characteristics of the bacteria H1 against Microcystis aeruginosa showed that it had a significant degradation effect, however, large amounts of N and P would be released to the water after 24～48 h. Bacteria H1 removed algae by not directly but secreting metabolites which participated in the degradation reaction of Microcystis aeruginosa. The metabolites were hydrophilic and could bear high temperature. The algae-lysing effect was promoted by the increase of cultivation time of bacteria H1 and was weakened by the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa. Bacteria H1 had the most significant degradation effect against Microcystis aeruginosa which was in its initial stage of growth while bacteria H1 in its steady growth period had a better degradation effect compared to bacteria H1 in its growth period.Reasearch on multiple algicidal microorganisms dominated by bacteria H1 showed that multiple algicidal microorganisms combined with bacteria H1 and bacteria D1 would inhibit its lytic effect and this effect would reduce while the bacteria D1 component decreased, multiple algicidal microorganisms combined with bacteria H1 and bacteria K2 had no significant effect on its lytic effect, and multiple algicidal microorganisms combined with bacteria H1 and bacteria T5 would promote its lytic effect and this effect would enhance while bacteria T5 component increased. Meanwhile, the inhibit effect of bacteria D1 was greater than the promote effect of bacteria T5. This study also indicated that the best formula of multiple algicidal microorganisms was bacteria H1 and bacteria T5 mixed with 1:1, and some bacteria K2 can also be added into multiple algicidal microorganisms to strengthen its buffering capacity to the environmental change while in practice.更多还原