国家级高新技术产业开发区发展中的政府职能定位研究

【作者】 陈志红；

【导师】 黄健柏；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 公共管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪80年代,伴随着中国的改革开放,我国开始酝酿并进行建设高新技术产业开发区(以下简称高新区)的试验。它的诞生有效促进了我国高新技术及其产业的发展,已成为聚集创新资源、培育创新创业人才、发展先进生产力的有效载体,成为促进产业升级、拉动经济增长的重要力量,并为新时期国家和区域创新体系建设提供了有力支持。高新区的地位在所在地区的分量越来越重,需要管理的各项事务越来越多。高新区管委会在园区内不仅起管理和协调的作用,而且越来越多的表现为企业和社会服务的职能。政府职能的准确定位,能为高新区的发展营造良好的投资环境、创新环境,能充分协调好各结点、各环节的利益关系,以充分发挥各方面的积极性和创造性,从而提高园区竞争力,促进园区的发展。因此,研究政府的职能对于促进高新区的发展有着重要的现实意义。本文试以科学发展观和区域创新、现代公共管理理论为指导,通过回顾国内外高新区的发展历程、特点、管理模式、政府所起的作用,阐述了我国高新区的基本功能,分析了我国高新区的发展现状和政府职能定位存在的主要问题,并提出有针对性和可操作性的对策,同时强调要建设适合我国国情的高新区。本文认为,在新的发展形势下,高新区的政府职能主要体现在六个方面：制订规划与指导性计划、提供公共信息服务、营造良好的市场经济秩序、提供公共产品与公共服务、营造稳定和谐的社会环境、健全社会保障体系。要实现政府职能的准备定位,一是要健全和完善两个体系,即完善行政责权体系、健全中介服务体系；二是要建立四大运行机制,即建立行政决策机制、高效服务机制、内部运行机制、产学研合作机制；三是要创新四种管理模式,即对微观经济由计划调控改为由市场引导,对市政公用设施由直接建设管理改为间接委托代理经营,对进入市场的投资行为和经营行为由严格前置审批改为核准登记以及现场监管和事后评估反馈,对市场主体违规行为的制裁由以行政的方式、教育的方式为主改为以经济的方式、法律的方式为主。从而有效地解决高新区发展中的“政府失灵”问题,推进高新区由“一次创业”要素驱动增长型向“二次创业”创新驱动型转变,实现高新区的快速健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the 20th century,80’s, along with China’s reform and opening up the building of the central authorities began to prepare and carry out high-tech zones experiment. It is the birth of effectively promoting the development of China’s high-tech and related industries are increasingly becoming high-tech transformation of traditional industries, sources, led to the rapid development of the regional economy, for China’s reform has played a positive role model. As China’s socialist market economy, the construction and development, high-tech zones in the region where the status of an increasingly heavy burden, need high-tech zone management of the affairs, more and more high-tech zones to the Administrative Region of the growing pressure of development. Hi-tech Zone is not only played in the high-tech zone management and coordination role, and more and more performance for enterprises and social services functions. Government functions, the exact positioning for the development of high-tech zones to create a favorable investment environment, innovation and the environment, can fully coordinate the various nodes, the links of interest to give full play to their enthusiasm and creativity so as to enhance regional competition Garden power, and promote the park’s development. Therefore, the study the functions of government in promoting the development of high-tech Economic Development Zone has important practical significance. This article is complying with the scientific development concept and Regional Innovation, Public Management Theory, in the meantime, reviewing foreign science and technology park development process, the characteristics of the role of the government. The article described the basic functions of high-tech zones in China, analyzed the development of high-tech zones in china function of government status and the main problems, and proposes targeted and practical measures are. Also it stressed the need to build suitable for high-tech zones in China’s national conditions.This paper argues that based on the new development situation, the high-tech areas of government functions mainly in following six areas: planning and guiding development plans; provide public information services; to create a good market economic system; provide public goods and public services; to create a stable harmonious social environment; enhance a sound social security system.In order to achieve accurate positioning of government functions, first, it is necessary to improve and perfect the two systems, that is, improve the power system of administrative responsibility and improve intermediary service system; the second is to establish four operational systems, namely establish administrative decision-making system, efficient service system, the internal operating system, and cooperative system on industrial-school-research; third, we must innovate the four managements, that are, change micro-economic controlling from program guide to market lead; on municipal public facilities change the direct construction and management to indirect agent operating; on the investment behavior of market entry and business conduct change the strict pre- approval to approve the registration, on-site supervision and post-assessment feedback; on punishing irregularities on the market change the way of administrative and education-based approach to economic and law-based manner.In this way, it can effectively solve the problem of’government failure’in high-tech zone development, and promote high-tech zones from "a business" factor-driven growth model to a "second pioneering" innovation-driven changing, so as to achieve the rapid and healthy development of high-tech zones.更多还原