【作者】 李玲琳；

【导师】 黄健人；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 凯特·肖班系十九世纪美国著名女作家。其代表作,《觉醒》发表于1899年,被公认为首部美国女性作家成功之作,标志着美国女性写作传统的发展进入了一个新阶段。美国心理学家迪娜·杰克认为,抑郁症的特点是自尊心的降低,是一些影响思维、睡眠、食欲、精力和行为的特定症状的综合症。其主要症状为：内心分裂、二选一的心态及情绪波动。抑郁症产生于无能力与所爱的人建立或保持有帮助的、真正的关系。抑郁症患者有两种类型：依赖型与反叛型。前者将重点置于比自己认为更重要的他人身上,害怕失去关系,但却失去了自我；后者采取貌似敌对、愤怒和反抗的活动来释放压力、减缓痛苦。若无外界帮助,抑郁症患者很难摆脱病情。因此,杰克提供了三种可能帮助患者走出抑郁症的方法：有效交流、女性友谊、专业帮助。《觉醒》中,肖班多处用到的“抑郁”一词与杰克的抑郁症理论不谋而合。小说中女主人公爱德娜经历的痛苦与迷惑反映了女性抑郁的通常体验。因此,以杰克的抑郁症理论为参照来分析爱德娜的抑郁症既可行又不乏意义。本论文探讨了爱德娜的三个抑郁症症状：内心分裂、二选一的心态及情绪波动。认为爱德娜童年时情感的缺失、成年时婚姻的失调及文化环境对她的影响是其患抑郁症的主要原因。遭受抑郁症的折磨,她不自觉地采取多种方式来克服抑郁症,包括沉默、突然大发雷霆、迷恋男人及实施有目的的活动。然而,所有的方法都无效。陷于失望之中,又受罗伯特和爱德尔的诱发,爱德娜最终自杀。论文还分析了爱德娜的自杀与她的抑郁症的逻辑关联,并探讨了有助于爱德娜及其他抑郁症患者摆脱抑郁症的可能方法。结论对上述论证进行概括,认为肖班笔下人物爱德娜是一个成功的人物形象。肖班通过塑造这个人物形象,唤起了我们对女性抑郁症的关注。本论文以迪娜·杰克的抑郁症理论探讨《觉醒》女主人公爱德娜的抑郁症,期望对增进了解女性抑郁症复杂的成因有所帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 Kate Chopin is an internationally recognized female writer in nineteenth-century America. Her representative work, The Awakening was published in 1899, generally recognized today as the first successful novel to have been written by an American woman, marking a significant advance in the evolution of an American female literary tradition.American psychologist Dana Jack holds that depression is distinguished by a fall in self-esteem and a syndrome of specific symptoms that affect thought, sleep, appetite, energy level, and behavior. The main symptoms of depression are inner division, either/or mindset and mood swings. Depression arises from the inability to make or sustain supportive, authentic connection with a loved person. There are two types of depressives, the dependent type and the rebellious type. The former will focus on the important Other, fearing the loss of the relationship, but experiencing a loss of self; while the latter will take actions that often look hostile, angry and defiant to release pressure and alleviate pain. Without help, it is difficult for the depressive to get rid of depression. Thus, three possible ways are provided to help them get out of depression:effective communication, female friendships and professional help. In The Awakening, Chopin’s use of the words "despondency" and "despondent" is quite consistent with Jack’s depression theory. The pains and puzzles that the protagonist Edna experiences reflect the general experiences of female depression. Therefore, an analysis of Edna’s depression in The Awakening based on Jack’s depression theory is possible as well as significant.This thesis probes into Edna’s depressive symptoms from inner division, either/or mindset and mood swings. It holds that Edna’s depression lying in her attachment deprivation of her childhood, marital maladjustment of her adulthood and the influence of cultural context upon her. Suffering from depression, Edna unconsciously tries by all means to overcome it, among which are silence of her voice, psychomotor outbursts of anger, infatuation for men, and goal-oriented activities. However, they all prove ineffective. Immersed in hopelessness, triggered off by Robert and Adele, Edna finally commits suicide. The thesis finally analyzes the logical connection between Edna’s suicide and depression and probes into the possible ways which could help Edna as well as other depressive women get over depression. Based on the analysis, the thesis concludes that by representing Edna’s depression, Chopin creates a successful image of woman at that time to call our attention to female depression.Hopefully, the thesis proper, aiming at a careful analysis of Edna’s depression in The Awakening based on Dana Jack’s depression theory may help us enhance our understanding of the symptoms and causes of female depression.更多还原