【作者】 黄金华；

【导师】 薛林宝；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 试验选择晴、小雪、多云、小雨、阴5种天气状况下,对宽体大棚和钢架大棚的保温性能进行了研究。以京冠5号番茄为试材,探讨宽体和钢架两种大棚条件下番茄生长发育及产量的差异。取得如下主要结果:1、选用宽体和钢架两种大棚类型作为栽培设施,对两种大棚的保温性能进行比较,结果如下:1.1棚内最低气温、平均气温均高于露地,在晴和多云天气下的平均气温增效比小雪、小雨、阴天明显。宽体大棚覆盖在晴、多云、小雨、阴天平均气温均高于钢架大棚,最低气温大于或等于钢架大棚,温差小于或等于钢架大棚,所以宽体大棚在晴、多云、小雨、阴天条件下保温效果都比钢架大棚好。在小雪天气由于没有热源,两种大棚的保温效果体现不出来。总的来说,宽体大棚的保温效果要比钢架大棚好。1.2从两种大棚内气温的日变化来看,宽体大棚、钢架大棚气温均高于露地气温,且除小雪天气保温效果不明显外,宽体大棚保温效果均最好。从天气情况来看,阴天、小雪、小雨天气气温变化幅度较小,而晴天、多云天气气温变化幅度较大。1.3从两种大棚内土壤垂直温度的变化情况来看:随着土壤深度的增加,日变化幅度越趋于平稳,且土壤温度的变化越滞后;晴天较其他天气下的土壤垂直温度变化幅度大;宽体大棚垂直温度和钢架大棚变化一致且宽体大棚、钢架大棚均比露地高,宽体大棚比钢架大棚垂直温度的保温效果更好。2、宽体大棚内种植的番茄植株生长发育及产量较钢架大棚内的好,表现在两种类型的大棚内番茄植株生长中后两个时期的株高、开展度和叶绿素含量,番茄植株生长后期的茎粗及番茄植株的单株产量等性状间均达到了显著或极显著水平,其中宽体大棚内的番茄性状较好。而两个大棚内番茄植株的叶片数、可溶性固形物含量和pH值等3个性状间均没有达到显著或极显著差异,说明两个大棚内的这三个性状间没有差异。因此,总体来说宽体大棚内种植的番茄植株生长发育及产量较钢架大棚内的好。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment studies the insulation properties of the wide shed and the steel shed under five kinds of weather conditions: sunny、snowy、cloudy、drizzly and overcast days. Using tomato Jingguan Wu Hao as the material, this experiment explores the variations of tomato growth and output between the wide shed and the steel shed. The main results are obtained as follows:1 The experiment selects the wide shed and the steel shed as cultural facilities and compares the insulation properties of the two sheds. The results are summarized as follows:1.1 The minimum temperature and average temperature in the two sheds are higher than those in the open field. The efficiency of the average temperature in sunny and cloudy days is more obvious than that in snowy、drizzly and overcast days. The average temperature in wide shed is higher than that in steel shed in sunny, cloudy, drizzly and overcast days. The minimum temperature in wide shed is higher than or equal to that in the steel shed, the temperature difference of wide shed is less than or equal to that in the steel shed, so the insulation effect of wide shed in sunny, cloudy, drizzly and overcast days is better than that in the steel shed. The insulation effect of two sheds hasn’t been observed due to the shortage of heat in the snowy days. In general, the insulation effect in wide shed is better than that in the steel shed.1.2 According to the variation of daily temperature in the two sheds, the temperature in wide shed and steel shed is higher than that in the open field. The insulation effect in the wide shed is the best except that it isn’t obvious in the snowy days. Viewing from the weather conditions, the rate of weather varies less in overcast, snowy and rainy days while it changes more in sunny and cloudy days.1.3 Viewing from the changes of vertical temperature in the two sheds: With the increase of soil depth, diurnal variation range becomes more stabilized while the change of soil temperature becomes more delayed. Change rate in sunny days is larger than that under the other weather conditions. Vertical temperature in wide and steel shed varies consistently and the wide and steel sheds are higher than T3. The insulation effect of vertical temperature in the wide shed is better than that in the steel shed.2 The growth and output of tomato plants in wide shed are better than those in steel shed, which embodies in the height of tomato plant and extending degree and chlorophyll content during the medium and the latter period; the stem diameter of tomato plant growth in the latter period and plant yield of tomato plants and other characters, which have reached significant or highly significant levels. The characters of tomato in wide shed is better. However, tomato plants, the number of tomato leaves, the content of soluble solids and pH value in the two sheds have no significant or extremely significant difference, which indicates there is no difference among three characters. Therefore, the growth and output of tomato plants in wide shed are better than those in steel shed更多还原