【作者】 高莉；

【导师】 帕提古丽·马合木提；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 生物学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 多糖具有多种生物活性与重要的应用价值。本文选用新疆和田的核桃隔膜为原料,主要研究核桃隔膜多糖的含量、提取工艺、纯化、结构测定及体外抗氧化活性,为进一步探索核桃隔膜多糖的药理活性,合理利用核桃隔膜这种资源提供依据。研究结果如下:1.葡萄糖为单糖标准品,经蒽酮-硫酸显色,于580nm处采用分光光度法对核桃隔膜中的粗多糖进行了含量测定,其多糖含量为4.89%,RSD为1.41%,样品液在2h内显色稳定,重现性较好,平均回收率为100.1%,RSD为1.56%。2.粗多糖最佳提取工艺参数的研究:首先进行单因素试验,主要考虑醇沉浓度、料液比、浸提温度和时间对多糖得率的影响,在此基础上采用四因素三水平正交试验确定了核桃隔膜多糖的最佳提取工艺:醇沉浓度90%,料液比1︰80,浸提温度90degC,浸提时间180min。3.核桃隔膜粗多糖的分离纯化方法:采用Sevage法除蛋白,通过DEAE-纤维素52离子交换柱和SephadexG-100葡聚糖凝胶柱纯化得到了PDJL-A₃1组分;经SephadexG-100、紫外光谱和冻融分析鉴定PDJL- A₃1为分子量均一的多糖亚级组分。4. PDJL- A₃1亚级组分结构鉴定:傅立叶变换红外光谱仪分析结果显示:PDJL- A₃1中存在alpha -糖苷键,单糖以吡喃糖苷的形式存在。气相色谱分析多糖PDJL- A₃1中的单糖组成为:阿拉伯糖︰果糖︰甘露糖︰鼠李糖︰葡萄糖valence1︰3︰4︰6︰7。5.体外抗氧化活性结果显示:PDJL和PDJL- A₃对超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基都有一定的清除作用,对超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用更强。PDJL对超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用大于PDJL-A₃,对羟自由基的清除作用小于PDJL-A₃。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polysaccharide have many activities and significant value in application. In the research, diaphragmas of Juglans regia L.in Xinjiang were choosed as material, total contents, extraction technology, purification, structure and activities of antioxidation of polysaccharides have been analysised, above of all, to provide scientific cue for the use of diaphragmas of Juglans regia L. The results showed as follows:1. Glucose as monosaccharide standard, polysaccharides was determined in 580nm by spectrophotometry. The content of polysaccharide measured by anthrone-H₂SO₄ colorimetry, was 4.89% with 1.41% of RSD, the colour of the sample was stable in 2h, and the average recovery value for the polysaccharide measured was 100.1% with 1.56%.2. The single factor statistical analysis was done first, the major factors which influence the extraction percent are ethanol concentraction, material-water ratio, temperature, time. The experimental result showed that ethanol concentraction were statistically significant. The optimal extraction technology: ethanol concentraction was 90%, material-water ratio was 1︰80, temperature was 90degC, time was 180min by the orthogonal experiment.3. For purification of polysaccharide, protein had been removed at first, secondly ion-exchange column DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography were used for isolation. At last, PDJL-A₃1 was separated and identified as pure ingrediant by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, UV spectrum, freeze-melt.4. Normal characterization were found from IR spectrum analysis. Gas chromatogram analysis showed that the PDJL-A₃1 was made of arabinose, fructose, mannose, rhamnose and glucose and to be in the molar ratio of 1︰3︰4︰6︰7.5. Activities of antioxidation experiment showed that the crude polysaccharide PDJL and the pure polysaccharide PDJL-A₃1 were effective in scavenging superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical, the scavenging capacity for superoxide radical stronger than the scavenging capacity for hydroxyl radical. The scavenging capacity of PDJL for superoxide radical was higher than PDJL-A₃, but the scavenging capacity for hydroxyl radical was lower than PDJL- A₃.更多还原