【作者】 张勇；

【导师】 李玉辉；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 自然地理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 基于喀斯特恢复植被生态系统功能评价要求,本文采用土壤水文结构功能模型对石林景区恢复植被的土壤水文结构功能进行了评价。选取6个样地原生滇青冈林、恢复26年的次生滇青冈林、恢复21年的萌生团花新木姜子林、恢复8年的石灰岩灌丛、石漠化灌草丛和恢复30年的云南松林作为试验样地,对它们的土壤水文结构特征进行了调查,结果表明:(1)在从石漠化灌草丛到地带性植被恢复(自然恢复)过程中,随着植被的恢复,群落高度和盖度、生物多样性不断增加,群落结构逐渐优化;同时恢复植被也促进了土壤状况的改善,土壤有机质含量增加,容重减小,孔隙度增加,相应地土壤渗透性能也得到了改善。(2)通过对土壤水文结构功能参数的计算得出,石漠化灌草丛土壤水文结构功能相当于原生林的28%,经过封禁8年自然恢复的石灰岩灌丛土壤水文结构功能达到原生林的31%,萌生团花新木姜子林(封禁21年)和次生滇青冈林(封禁26年)分别恢复到45%和71%。相对于自然恢复,采用人工辅助方式恢复的云南松林(飞播林,30年)土壤水文结构功能只恢复到原生林的38%。(3)在植被恢复的初期,土壤水文结构功能的恢复较慢(8年土壤水文结构功能参数只增加了3%),后期随着植被的恢复土壤水文结构功能恢复程度逐渐提高。与自然恢复方式相比,人工辅助恢复的云南松林对土壤水文结构功能的恢复要弱。总之,土壤水文结构功能评价模型基本适用于岩溶地区不同恢复林地的土壤水文结构功能的恢复评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 In consideration of ecosystem function assessment of restored vegetations in karst area,the hydro-soil structures features of restored vegetations were assessed with the model of soil hydro-structure function model in the famous Shilin Park in Yunnan province of China,which is a part of South China Karst World Natural Heritage.Six vegetation sample plots were chosen for assessment,respectively being original forest(forest of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides),26 years secondary forest(secondary forest of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides),21 years initiation forest(initiation forest of Neolitsea homilantha),8 years brush,rock-desertificated bushy grasses and 30 years secondary forest of Pinus yunanesnis,which make up of a succession of restored vegetations in the karst area.The survey results show that:(1) In the course of restoration from rock-desertificated bushy grasses to the original forest,community height and biological diversity are increased and community structure gradually optimized.While the restored vegetations also contributed to the improvement of soil.The soil organic matter content and the porosity are increased.The soil bulk density is decreased.(2) With the original of reference,the soil hydro-structure funcation of rock-desertificated bushy grasses plot equivalent to 28%.The 8 years brush vegetation has 31%of original forest soil hydro-structure function,and 21 years initiation forest of Neolitsea homilantha has 45%,26 years secondary forest of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides which was restored from felled-forest land has 71%,and however 30 years secondary forest of Pinus yunnanensis restored by air-sowed seeds has only 38%.(3) In the early stages,the restoration of soil hydro-structure funcation is slower (the soil hydro-structure funcation has increased 3%in 8 years).With the restoration of vegetation in the late,the soil hydro-structure funcation had a gradual increased in the degree of funcational recovery.Compared with natural recovery,the secondary forest of Pinus yunnanensis that under artificial aids recovery had a weaker role in the restoration of soil hydro-strycture funcation.In short,the model of soil hydro-structure function is suitable for assessing restored vegetations in karst areas.更多还原