节点文献
空间碎片超高速撞击航天器表面溅射物模型研究
The Reserch of Ejecta Model for Space Debris Hypervelocity Impacting on Spacecraft Surface
【作者】 郑伟；
【导师】 庞宝君；
【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 固体力学， 2009， 硕士
【摘要】 溅射物(ejecta)是微流星体或小空间碎片超高速撞击航天器表面产生的新碎片。自人类太空活动以来,微流星体或小空间碎片超高速撞击航天器表面产生了大量的溅射粒子,并不断的积累,对在轨航天器的正常运行构成威胁。同时,溅射物模型也是空间碎片环境工程模型与演化模型的子模型之一。通过模拟实验与仿真手段对空间碎片超高速撞击典型航天器表面材料产生的溅射物进行研究,得到溅射物碎片分布规律,建立溅射物模型,能给空间碎片环境工程模型与演化模型提供输入源。IADC已经将超高速撞击航天器表面溅射物模型列为各成员国共同研究的议题之一;通过研究超高速撞击溅射物模型能加强我国与国际上其它航天国家之间的交流,进行深入的合作。本文首先介绍了溅射物模型的相关概念,分析了国内外溅射物模型研究现状及发展趋势,指出了现有溅射物模型存在的问题。其次,确定了超高速撞击溅射物模型建模方法与研究手段,并从溅射物的总质量、尺寸、速度分布三个方面详细介绍了MASTER2005溅射物模型,了解了该模型的主要构成及建模思想。最后,通过实验与仿真手段对2017铝合金球形弹丸超高速正撞击5A06铝合金厚板产生的溅射物进行了研究,初步建立了超高速正撞击5A06铝合金厚板溅射物模型,并与MASTER2005溅射物模型进行对比,分析了二者产生差异的原因。在此基础上,提出了未来需要进一步研究与探索的问题。
【Abstract】 Ejecta is the new debris after a micro-meteoroid or space debris impacting on spacecraft surface. Since human activitied in space, plenty of ejecta have been produced by the micro-meteoroid or space debris hypervelocity impacting on spacecraft surface. It is constantly accumulating to pose a threat for the normal operation of the in-orbit spacecraft. Meanwhile, the ejecta model is one of sub-models of space debris evolution model and environmental engineering model. Using the experimental and numerical simulation methods, research the ejecta produced by space debris hypervelocity impacting on the typical material of spacecraft surface, then gain the distribution of ejecta, followly set up the ejecta model and could provide a input source of space debris evolution model and environmental engineering model. IADC has recognized the ejecta model upon hypervelocity impacts for spacecraft surface as one of the topics for member states. By studying the ejecta model from hypervelocity impacts on spacecraft surface, could strengthen communication between our country and other countries, then carry out extensive cooperation.This paper firstly introduces some related concepts for the ejecta model, anysises the research and development trends at home and abroad, then points out the existing issues.Secondly, this paper brings up modeling methods and research tools for the ejecta model upon hypervelocity impacts, then understand the main components and ideas of the ejecta model of MASTER2005 by analysising it in details from the three aspects of the ejecta mass,size,velocity distribution.Finally, using the method of experiment and simulation, study the ejecta pracitles produced by 2017 spherical projectiles hypervelocity impacting on thick 5A06 plate, then initially establish the ejecta model for hypervelocity impacting on thick 5A06 plate. Compare the model with the ejecta model of MASTER2005, and analysis the reasons for the differences between them. On this basis, we set out the issues which need to be explored and developed in the future.