【作者】 张慧；

【导师】 梁宗锁；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 植物学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 通过盆栽控水的方法,对5种不同基因型烤烟:秦烟96、秦烟97、NC89、CT862、红花大金元进行产量指标、形态指标水分生理相关指标和部分生理生化指标的研究,以期为黄土高原干旱地区选择适宜的基因型烤烟提供一定的理论依据,试验结果表明:(1)轻度的干旱胁迫下,五个不同基因型烤烟的生物量鲜重差异明显,所以它们对中度干旱胁迫的适应性不同。生物量的鲜重由大到小依次是秦烟97>秦烟96>CT862>NC89>红花大金元。从烟株的形态上来看,秦烟97的长势有明显的优势,在三种水分处理下其株高,胸径均大于其它烟株,可见秦烟97对干旱的适应性最强。(2)从烟株的日耗水量来看,适宜水分下5个不同基因型烤烟均有较高的耗水,而在轻度干旱胁迫下,其耗水量由大到小依次为CT862是118.25 ml>红花大金元是102.54 ml>秦烟96是99.15 ml>秦烟97是95.43ml>NC89是84.84 ml,可见在轻度干旱胁迫下NC89、秦烟97属于低耗水的烤烟品种;而重度干旱胁迫下其日均耗水量由大到小的顺序为:CT862是71.60 ml>秦烟97是65.31 ml>秦烟96是51.67 ml>NC89是51.54 ml>红花大金元是48.58 ml。而不同基因型烤烟的相对含水量随着土壤含水量的减少明显降低,轻度干旱胁迫下,秦烟96>秦烟97>CT862>NC89>红花大金元,而在重度干旱胁迫下不同烟株则有所变化,NC89>秦烟96 >秦烟97>CT862>红花大金元。(3)植物的抗旱性是由多种抗旱途径或方式共同作用,在不同的生长时期采用不同的适应方式,秦烟96和秦烟97均为低耗水,高水分利用率、酶活性始终较高的耐旱型植物,NC89在中度胁迫时生长良好,但重度的干旱胁迫严重抑制生长,生物量明显降低,MDA含量变化剧烈,说明该基因型烤烟不适应重度的干旱胁迫。红花大金元虽叶型小,但植株生长健壮,生物量下降缓,烟株体内酶活性较高,表现出较好的耐旱性。CT862在重度干旱下保护酶活性增高很快,对重度干旱表现出一定的耐旱性。(4)运用隶属函数值法综合分析被测参数得出,中度干旱胁迫下,它们的抗旱性的由强到弱是:秦烟96>秦烟97>红花大金元>NC89>CT862;而在重度干旱胁迫下,该顺序变为:秦烟96>CT862>秦烟97>红花大金元>NC89。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through potted cultivate,we studied 5 different genotypes of flue-cured tobacco: QinYan96, QinYan 97, NC89, CT862, Honghuadajinyuan to carry out production targets, the physical form of water-related targets and indicators for some of the physiological and biochemical research for Loess Plateau region to choose the appropriate types of flue-cured tobacco mouth to provide a theoretical basis, the results showed that:(1) The light drought stress, five different genotypes of flue-cured tobacco biomass obvious difference in fresh weight, so they are moderately drought stress adaptation of the different. Biomass, fresh weight of the descending followed by smoke QinYan97> QinYan96> CT862> NC89> HHDJY. From the tobacco form of it,the growth of QinYan97 is a clear advantage, In three of its water treatment, plant height, diameter at breast height are greater than other tobacco, QinYan 97 can be seen the plant of drought adaptation of the best.(2) From the tobacco on the water, the water suitable for under 5 different genotypes of flue-cured tobacco have a higher water consumption, and in drought stress, the water descending order of CT862 is 118.25 ml> HHDJY is 102.54 ml> QinYan96 is 99.15 ml> QinYan 97 is 95.43ml> NC89 is 84.84 ml, it can be seen in the light under drought stress that NC89 and QinYan97 belonging to low water flue-cured tobacco varieties; and severe drought stress Its average daily water consumption in the descending order: CT862 is 71.60 ml> QinYan 97 is 65.31 ml> QinYan 96 is 51.67 ml> NC89 is 51.54 ml> HHDJY is 48.58 ml. The different genotypes of flue-cured tobacco as the relative water content of soil moisture to reduce significantly decreased slightly under drought stress, QinYan 96> QinYan97> CT862> NC89> HHDJY, and in severe drought stress under different tobacco are subject to change, NC89> QinYan96> Qin Yan97> CT862> HHDJY.(3) Plant drought resistance is a combination of drought, and the channels or a common approach, in different growth periods of different ways to adapt, QinYan96 and QinYan97 97 low water consumption and high water use efficiency, activity has always been higher plant drought-resistant type, NC89 stress in moderate growth good, but the severe drought stress seriously inhibit the growth of biomass decreased significantly, MDA violent content on the flue-cured tobacco genotypes not meet the severe drought stress. although the leave of HHDJY is small,but the plant is robust plant growth, biomass decreased ease, tobacco higher activity in the body, showing good drought tolerance. CT862 in the severe drought under the protection of the enzyme activity increased soon, the severe drought to show a certain degree of drought tolerance.(4) The use of membership function analysis method come to the parameters measured, moderate drought stress, their drought resistance from strong to weak: QinYan 96> QinYan 97> HHDJY> NC89> CT862; in Severe drought stress, the order to: QinYan 96> CT862> QinYan 97> HHDJY> NC89.更多还原