【作者】 王伟超；

【导师】 陈兴义；

【作者基本信息】 河南理工大学 ， 工程力学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 中华民族悠久的历史,丰富的传统文化造就的各地多姿多彩的民居建筑。生土建筑就是我国村镇建筑中仍有大量使用的形式之一。但是,传统的生土结构普遍存在房屋材料强度低,结构整体性差,建造生土建筑时没有相应的标准进行规范等诸多问题。生土建筑在节能、环保等多方面优点突出,重新审视生土居住建筑在处理人与自然、资源能源关系方面的生态建筑观念,进而改善生土居住建筑室内热湿环境和找到提高生土建筑质量的技术途径,对传统居住建筑在我国农村的发展有着重要意义。本文从生土建筑的生态功能、历史演进出发,分析了生土建筑的特点及优缺点。生土破坏时存在的问题,提出一些改进措施。对生士建筑墙体材料的物理性质和力学性能进行试验研究,并对改性土样的抗压和抗剪性能进行对比分析。本文进行了较为全面的夯土改性试验,包括单掺及优化等试验,得到了改性材料与最佳性能对应的品种及合理掺量。试验表明,改性技术是提高夯土材料抗压强度有效途径,得出了特定配合比的石灰、矿渣等掺料能够改善生土材料力学性能的结论。在归纳前人对生土建筑吸放热分析理论研究基础上,通过实测不同生土、砖混等不同结构形式建筑室内热湿环境数据,验证了生土建筑在节能方面的优点。利用计算机软件首次建立了生土建筑与砖混建筑模型。通过对相同结构形式不同建筑的室内热环境分析,得出生土建筑在得失热、温度分布、全年逐月能耗分析等,为生土建筑今后在中西部农村的发展提供技术参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The long history and rich traditional culture of the Chinese nation bring up its colorful residence construction in different areas. The raw soil construction is still one of the major forms used in our country villages and small towns. But, the traditional raw soil structure universally exists some problems, such as, low strength of house materials, bad structural integrity, there is no corresponding standard in raw soil construction. On the contrary, the raw soil construction has many disadvantages in the energy saving、the environmental protection and other aspects. To examine carefully the ecological construction ideas of the raw soil housing construction in dealing with the human beings and nature, resources and energy. Then to improve the indoor thermal and humidity environment of the raw soil housing construction and to find technical ways to improve the quality of raw soil construction, which has an important meaning to the traditional housing construction in our countryside’s development.This article has analyzed the advantages and disadvantages from the ecology function and the historical evolution of the raw soil construction. And it proposes some corrective measures to solve the problems in the raw soil destruction. It also studies the physical properties and the mechanical properties of the raw soil construction’s wall material. Besides, we carry on the contrastive analysis about the compression and anti-cuts’performances of the modified soil sample. It also comprehensively carries on the modified tamped earth experiment, including mono doped and optimizing experiments and so on. Then we obtain the varieties and reasonable mixing quantity according to the modified material and the optimum performance. The experiment indicates that the modified technology is an efficient path to improve the compressive strength of the tamps earth’s material, and obtains the specific mixture ratio lime、scoria and so on that can improve the raw soil material’s mechanical performance. After summing up the predecessors’endothermic and exothermic analysis theory research to the raw soil construction, through measuring the different structural style construction indoor thermal and humidity environmental data of different raw soils、brick mixes and so on, we can confirm the disadvantages of the raw soil construction in the energy saving. We have established the construction model of the raw soil construction and the brick’s mixing for the first time by the computer software. From the analyzing the indoor heat environment in the same form but different constructions, we obtain the raw soil construction in getting and losing heat、temperature distribution and the annual month by month energy consumption analysis and so on, which will provide the technical references for the raw soil construction in the mid-west countryside’s development.更多还原