【作者】 康辉；

【导师】 王金辉；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 人口学， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】基于人口城市化、人口老龄化下农村土地保障作用的研究

【摘要】 新中国成立以后,在城乡二元结构下,我国的社会保障制度一直是以城镇居民社会保障为主体,农村居民的社会保障没有在制度上加以确立,农村居民不能享受与城镇居民同等的社会保障。农民的社会保障主要采取以土地要素收入为经济基础,以家庭保障为主要载体的保障形式,辅以国家救助。在改革开放之前相当长的时期内,我国农村经济发展落后,生产力水平不发达,农民生活水平较低,土地作为农民最基本的生产资料,作为农民生存、生活保障的生命线,承担了农民的保障功能,并且基本满足了农村居民的保障需要。改革开放之后,随着我国农村经济的发展,社会的进步,农民的社会保障面临着严峻的形势。在农村人口城市化、人口老龄化进程不断加速的条件下,土地对于农民的社会保障功能逐渐弱化。土地作为一种生产要素,并不能代替农村的社会保障制度。在社会主义新农村建设过程中,农村社会保障制度的建立成为日益紧迫的课题,关乎农村和谐社会的构建与经济的持续、健康发展。但是,我国农村人口众多,经济发展相对落后且地区间发展不平衡,建立比较完善的农村社会保障缺乏相应的经济基础。土地作为农民手中最重要的生产要素,虽然已经难以继续承担农村社会保障的功能,但是仍然要在农村社会保障制度的建立过程中起到重要的作用。本文通过对建国后至改革开放以前农村土地制度变迁过程的梳理,试图证明在当时的社会经济制度条件下,农村土地隐含了农民社会保障的功能；通过对改革开放之后人口城市化、人口老龄化条件下,农村社会保障需求的变化的分析,说明土地对于农民的社会保障功能已经逐渐弱化,农村社会保障制度的建立已经迫在眉睫；最后,基于以上两部分的分析以及当前我国一些地区的实践经验,对土地在农村社会保障制度体系构建中的作用进行了分析,并且对于农村社会保障制度体系的构建提出了构想。更多还原

【Abstract】 After new China is founded, in under city and countryside dual structure condition, our country social security system always is take the cities inhabitants’ social security as a main body, the countryside inhabitant’s social security has not performed in the system to be established, rural residents can not enjoy the same urban residents with social security. Peasant’s social security mainly adopts take the land as the economic basis, take family safeguard as main carrier safeguard form, auxiliary by national rescue. Before reform and opening up in a fairly long period of time, our country rural economy development backwardness, the productive forces level is not developed, peasant’s living standard is low. The land is the most basic producer goods of Peasants’, survives, as the social security lifeline, has undertaken peasant’s safeguard function, and basically has met the countryside inhabitant’s safeguard needs. After reform and open policy, along with our country rural economy development, society’s progress, Peasant’s social security is facing the stern situation. In the rural population urbanization, aging process unceasingly accelerating under condition, land for the peasants of the social security function gradually weaken. Land as a factor of production, and not a substitute for the rural social security system. In socialism new rural reconstruction process, rural social security system was established to become increasingly urgent topic, relates the countryside harmonious society constructing and the continue, health development with the economy. But, our country rural population is multitudinous, economical relative backwardness also the development is not balanced, the establishment quite perfect countryside social security lacks the corresponding economic basis. Peasant land as the most important factor of production, Although it has not continue to bear the rural social security functions, but still the rural social security system in the process of establishing an important role to play.This article through after founding of the nation to reform and open policy before countryside land system vicissitude process reorganization, tried to prove that the prevailing socio-economic system under the conditions of the rural land of the peasants implied social security function; through after reform and open policy under the urbanization of the population, the population old aging condition, the countryside social security demand change analysis, showed the land already gradually attenuated regarding farmer’s social security function, the countryside social security system establishment already was imminent; finally, with the above two-part analysis of China’s current practice in some parts of the experience, of land in the rural social security system for construction of the analysis, and for the rural social security system for the construction of the concept.更多还原