【作者】 王文峰；

【导师】 范海昌；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 社会保障学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中共十六大报告指出：“就业是民生之本”。就业已成为中国进入21世纪后面临的最大挑战之一。随着经济的转型以及市场化的推进,竞争从企业层面深化到个人层面：城镇职工下岗,农民外出打工,高校毕业生感叹“求职难”。中国出现了工业化发达国家早期所面临的失业人口增加、两极分化加剧和弱势群体贫困化征兆。本文以中国经济转型为背景,以西方就业理论、经济转型理论及中国经济社会的现实情况为依托,考察20多年来就业制度、就业结构和就业状况的演变,从多角度剖析了中国的劳动就业问题。首先,对我国经济转型时期战略转变进行了介绍,分析了我国经济转型的现状,并且深入剖析了经济转型对我国就业体制以及对城镇和农村就业的影响。其次,从城镇、农村以及就业工作与环境三个方面对我国的就业现状进行了深入剖析,指出了劳动者自身及就业体制存在的主要问题,并对“十一五”期间我国的就业形势进行了预测与分析。最后,对经济转型时期解决就业问题提出了对策建议,主要从强化政府职责、协调好经济与就业的关系、完善公共就业服务体系、统筹城乡就业、规范劳动关系、完善失业保险等方面解决就业问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 It was addressed in the 16th CCP congress report that "employment is the base of people’s livelihood". Employment has become one of the greatest challenge to China ever since the country entered the 21st century. Economic transition and the promotion of market-oriented process is deepening competition from the layer of enterprises to that of individuals:Too many employees are laid off and countless peasants go out for making a living without fixed residence. No wonder students sigh, "Graduation means unemployment". Some symptoms have emerged in China, which developed counties were confronted with in their early period of industrialization. Those are the growing population of unemployment, the intensifying polarization and the poverty of weaker communities.Taking China’s economic transition as the background, on the dependence of the theory of employment in west, the theory of economic transition and the reality of economic society in China, this paper does some research on the evolution of employment system, employment structure and employment condition in recent over 20 years, to analyze the employment problem from different angles in China. Firstly, the strategic transformation in the period of economic transition is introduced, the situation of economic transition is analyzed, and the influence of economic transition to employment system,employment in town and countryside has been analyzed. Secondly, on the three aspects, which is town, countryside, the work and the environment of employment, the thorough analysis to our country’s present situation of the employment has been carried on, and the main questions of the worker own and the employment system has been pointed out. Then the forecast and the analysis of our country’s employment situation in the period of "Eleventh Five-Year" has been carried on. Thirdly, the suggestions have been put, that are emphasis government’s responsibility, coordinate economic and employment, consummate public employment service system, plans town and countryside employment, standard work relations, consummate unemployment insurance.更多还原