【作者】 曹学娜；

【导师】 高春花；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 伦理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 蔡元培所处的时代,是变革与探索的时代,是救亡与启蒙的时代。作为走出困境的最重要期许,以触动深层次伦理文化为标志的蔡元培德育思想应运而生。在这里,深厚的国学根基及西方文化素养为其德育思想奠定了理论前提,“性善论”的前提预设为其德育思想提供了学理依据。中西文化交织是蔡元培德育思想的鲜明特色。他以西方自由、平等、博爱为重要的精神养料,结合中国传统文化和现实的国情,构筑了公民道德新范畴。他继承信义、宽容等传统伦理文化,融合自由、平等、博爱的价值理念,扬弃了传统家庭教育思想,提出了崭新的家庭道德观念。他以培养合乎时代潮流的、健全的理想人格作为最终价值依归,遵循儒家文化中的学、思、行的成德理论,在这里,他既注重民众知识普及的外在路径,也注重付诸于人的心灵的道德修养的内在路径,他非常推崇道德实践在道德提升中的作用,从而使其理想人格理论具有鲜明的现实性特征。蔡元培的德育思想具有很高的价值诉求,但对现实的无限超越使其德育目标附上了一层浓厚的理想主义色彩；对“美善相乐”思想的认定和对美育作用的强调,为其德育思想涂上了传统的浓墨重彩；他将自由民主的精神纳入国民道德体系,指导国民道德建设,对当时的封建专制主义思想和独裁政治无疑是沉重的一击。今天,重温蔡元培德育思想,对我国当前的公民道德建设及纠正学校教育中重工具理性而轻价值理性的价值偏颇有积极意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The era Cai yuan-pei lived was that of changing and exploring, was that of saving the nation from extinction and enlightening. As the most important expectation of coming out from predicament, Cai yuan-pei’s moral education appeared, which was symbolized by the touching of deep-level ethical culture. His thought of moral education was established on deep traditional culture and western culture. And the kind presupposition of nature supplied doctrinal rationality for his thought of moral education.The intertexture of traditional culture and western culture is a sharp-cut feature of Cai yuan-pei’s thought of moral education. He combined western thought of freedom、equality and philanthropism with chinese traditional culture, and then constructed a new moral category. Cai yuan-pei inherited traditional ethical culture, such as faith.tolerance, combined with the value of freedom.equality.philanthropism, discarded traditional thought of family education, and developed new family moral concepts. Anyhow, to cultivate the perfect ideal personality, which is in accordance with the age, was the ultimate aim of Cai yuan-pei’s thought of moral education. Following Moral theory of study.thinking.doing from Confucianism, Cai yuan-pei paid attention to the transeunt route that popularize knowledge to the public, and also, he emphasized the inner manner that cultivate one’s morality. Cai yuan-pei canonized moral practice, so, the theory of ideal personality took on vivid characteristic of realism.Cai yuan-pei’s moral education has high value, but it surpassed the reality too much, his moral education enclosed with the color of deep level of idealism. The affirming of advancing each other in beauty and good, and emphasizing on beautiful education made his moral education draw heavy traditional colour. Cai yuan-pei brought democracy and freedom to Citizen’s morals system, which was a heavy blow to feudalism and monocracy at that time. Reviewing Cai yuan-pei’moral education has positive significance for building citizen moral, for rectifying value deflection of paying too much attention to tool logic than to Merit logic in school education nowadays.更多还原