【作者】 李莉；

【导师】 柯阳友；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 证据问题是民事诉讼中的核心问题,因为案件事实的认定必须依赖于有效的证据。当事人举证、质证,法官审查判断证据构成了民事案件庭审的中心环节,而证据的审查判断又成为认定案件事实的前提。由于我国现阶段有关立法规定还很不完善,司法实践中存在很多问题,在民事诉讼中建立科学的证据审查判断制度十分必要。本文共分四章对在民事诉讼中证据的审查判断进行了分析阐述。第一章是民事诉讼中证据审查判断的概述。在这一章中,笔者立足于形式证据的概念,对民事诉讼中证据审查判断的概念进行了界定,在此基础上从证据审查判断的主体、对象和内容三个方面分析了它的特征,并且从证据能力和证明力两个方面详细论述了证据审查判断的内容。第二章对国外民事诉讼中证据的审查判断进行考察,从证据审查判断的原则和规则两个方面分别对英美法系国家和大陆法系国家的做法进行了比较和分析。尽管英美法系国家的审查判断证据的规则,尤其是判断证据能力的证据规则,在数量上远远多于大陆法系国家,但总的看来,采用现代自由心证原则并通过证据规则对法官的自由裁量权进行规制,是目前世界各国的普遍做法。第三章分析了我国民事诉讼中证据审查判断制度的现状。我国没有独立的证据法典,《民事诉讼法》中有关证据的条文很少,其中关于证据审查判断的条文更少,远远不能满足审判实践的需要。2001年12月最高人民法院出台的《关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》,以司法解释的形式初步确立了现代自由心证的基本原则,并设置了一系列证据规则指导法官判断证据。本文通过列举法条的形式分析了我国立法目前所建立的证据规则体系,指出了立法的不完备之处,并总结了司法实践中的影响法官正确判断证据的现实因素。第四章提出了解决问题的方案,从证据规则和相关保障制度两个大的方面提出完善我国民事诉讼中证据审查判断的具体设想。更多还原

【Abstract】 Related to the fact of a case, evidence is the core business of civil litigation. Examination and determination of evidence is the premise for approving the fact of a civil case, and together with the process of parties’giving evidence and cross-examination, constitutes the heart of the whole court hearing. However, the laws of our country are not perfect, and there are also many problems in practice. It’s very necessary to establish a national system for examination and determination of evidence in civil procedure.There are four chapters of this dissertation. The fist chapter is the generalization of the issue. Based on the new definition of evidence in civil procedure, the author analyzes the meaning of examination and determination of evidence in civil procedure, explains its characters in three aspects, and puts her emphases on the analysis of the contents of the concept in this chapter. Admissibility and adoptability are the contents. The second chapter introduces foreign examination and determination of evidence in civil procedure, analyses the principles and the rules in Anglo-American law system and Continental law system. There are more rules, especially competency rules, in Anglo-American law system than those in Continental law system, but anyhow, using modern judicial discretion to restrict the judges’rights is the common method for both law systems. The third chapter analyses the situations in our country. There isn’t an evidence code yet, and the articles on evidence, especially on examination and determination of evidence in civil procedure, are very few in civil procedure law. Supreme People’s Court’s Several Provisions on Civil Litigious Evidence establishes the principle and rules for examination and determination of evidence in civil procedure. However, there are still shortcomings in it and problems in practice. The fourth chapter brings forward the method to solve the problems. Perfecting the rules for examination and determination of evidence in civil procedure and other relative systems is the solution.更多还原