【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 王军；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目前高校大学生面临非常严峻的就业形势,提升大学生综合素质、增强大学生就业竞争力,是高校的首要任务。解决这些问题需要多方面的共同努力,其中很重要的一个方面,就是通过教育强化大学生的创业意识,指导大学生由被动就业到主动创业,培养和强化创业意识成为社会和时代对大学生思想政治教育提出的新课题。在新时期,大学生创业精神和创业能力是大学生综合素质的重要组成部分。因此,培育大学生创业精神,提升大学生创业能力对于高校而言具有重要意义。依据创业精神的环境学派理论,创业精神不是少数人的特质,是可以培育的。而培育大学生创业精神有很多途径,本研究根据思想政治教育方法中的实践锻炼法理论,依据作者实际工作经历,从拓展训练的视角切入,采用实验研究方法和评价研究方法,构建创业精神评价模型,以河北省十所高校300名大学生为样本,在广泛搜集和整理资料的基础上,研究了拓展训练对创业精神培育的作用。使用层次分析法对数据进行分析和二级指标的计算,得出创业精神测评结果,提出了高校可以通过拓展训练来培育大学生创业精神,并为高校开展拓展训练提供了具体的政策建议。本研究的创新点有两个:第一,研究内容的创新。培育大学生创业精神有不同的途径。本研究根据思想政治教育方法中的实践锻炼法理论,通过拓展训练这种实践体验式学习的途径,研究拓展训练项目与大学生创业精神培育之间的关系,区别于通过课堂教学来研究创业者的精神特质;也区别于环境学派从环境的途径来研究高校创业环境与创业精神的关系。研究拓展训练对大学生创业精神培育的促进作用是研究的第一个创新点。第二,研究方法的创新。本研究根据思想政治教育方法中的实践锻炼法理论,采用实验的方法,通过比较控制组和试验组对创业精神的影响程度,来研究拓展训练与创业精神的关系。相对于主流创业精神研究所采用的一些非试验研究方法,如问卷法、访谈法、历史比较法等,方法的创新是本研究的第二个创新点。通过研究,论文得出以下结论:创业精神是可以培育的,不是少数人的特质;大学生通过参加拓展训练,创业精神得到了强化;高校可以结合实际情况,将拓展训练纳入学校教育体系,从而起到培育大学生创业精神的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 For colleges, students are faced with a very severe employment situation now. It is the primary task of colleges and universities to promote their comprehensive quality and enhance the competitiveness of the graduate employment. To solve these problems, it needs the concerted efforts, in one of very important aspects, which is enhancing of awareness of the entrepreneurial university students by education and guiding students from passive to active employment. Cultivating and strengthening the awareness of entrepreneurship has been a new topic on ideological and political education of college students proposed by society and the times.In the new era, entrepreneurship for college students is important components of comprehensive quality. Therefore, the fostering of students’ entrepreneurship and enhancing entrepreneurship for college students have great significance. According to environmental theory of the entrepreneurship, it is not idiosyncrasy of minority, it can be cultivated. Thus, this study is based method of ideological and political education in the practice and training law theory and cut in from the angle of Outward Bound in the essay. It adopts the ideas of experiment research and estimate research, studies the functions Outward Bound performs in cultivating the entrepreneurship, puts forward a proposal that colleges can join in the training so that they can cultivate the entrepreneurship of the students. Moreover, it gives idiographic suggestions on the training.The study has two innovations. Firstly, the innovation of the visual angle. The study is cut in from the angle of Outward Bound, investigates the relations between training items and cultivating the entrepreneurship, distinguishs from the trait school, who do research on enterprisers’ spirit idiosyncrasy based on personal angle. And it’s also different from the relations between entrepreneurship and enterprising environment, which is studied from the angle of the environment changes. Secondly, the innovation of research method. According to the effect degree on the entrepreneurship compared between controls and experiments, this study is based method of ideological and political education in the practice and training law theory and investigates relations between training items and cultivating the entrepreneurship. It differs from a series of unexperimental researches such as questionnaires, talks, history comparisons and so on. By means of the research, the study gets the following conclusions: the entrepreneurship can be cultivated, it is not idiosyncrasy of minority, through the training, college students’s entrepreneurship strengthens, colleges can combine the training with fact, adopt the training into the education system, so that it can cultivate the entrepreneurship of the students on campus.更多还原