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铜硫矿石中伴生黄铁矿清洁回收技术研究
【作者】 李晓波；
【导师】 邱廷省；
【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 矿物加工工程， 2008， 硕士
【摘要】 硫的活化以及硫与有价金属矿的分离是目前多金属硫化矿分离的难题之一。选用安徽铜陵新桥硫铁矿作为实际矿石研究对象,该矿石中有价金属共伴生关系复杂,选矿难度大,研究其硫的抑制与活化具有重大的意义。安徽铜陵新桥硫铁矿的浮选分离在这一选矿热点中具有很强的代表性,原矿中含有多种有价金属与伴生稀贵金属。针对目前选矿界的热点与新桥硫铁矿的矿石性质,本次试验研究:MAC-10、LP-01、Z-200、PAC、BK-301等多种捕收剂的性能对比试验结果表明,LP-01对铜选择性较其它药剂好,对硫化铁矿捕收能力相对较弱,而BK-301捕收能力相对较强。并进行了以上药剂的组合的捕收能力研究,选择以LP-01为主的LP-01与BK-301为辅的组合捕收剂JY-01作为硫化铜矿物的低碱捕收剂。石灰是新桥矿矿石的有效抑制剂,通过采用少量石灰与选择性好的组合捕收剂JY-01相配合。在保持选铜指标的同时,可在9～10的pH值范围内实现铜硫有效分离,并圆满实现不加任何活化剂原浆选硫,硫的浮选回收率可以达到90%;在高碱（pH值大于11）介质选硫,以丁黄药为选铜捕收剂,对比了AS1、AS2、X活化剂和QY-319等几种选硫的活化作用效果,由试验结果表明采用X活化剂作为选硫活化剂,可实现高碱条件下原矿中硫矿物的有效上浮。对安徽新桥矿业公司铜硫矿石含铜0.64%,含硫31.52%的原矿指标下,最终获得含铜为23.86%,铜回收率达90.56%的铜精矿,含硫为49.56%,硫回收率为87.39%的硫精矿。本试验进行了试验矿石高碱铜硫分离浮选实验室非硫酸活化清洁选硫浮选试验研究,研究结果表明:新型活化剂X代替硫酸活化硫,具有活化选择性强,活化PH值低,有利于后续作业的进行,并且有利于提高工作人员的工作安全系数,且在相同流程下与低碱铜硫分离浮选试验相比铜的品位提高了5%,回收提高了2%。本试验中以纯黄铁矿为研究对象,采用现代科学测试手段（ESCA）,测试在硫酸和X活化剂的活化作用下,黄铁矿矿物中各元素电子结合能的变化情况,揭示活化剂X对黄铁矿活化作用的机理;采用现代红外光谱分析,探讨在硫酸和X活化剂在矿物表面的吸附作用机理。研究结果从理论上证实了X活化硫试验室研究结果。与其它硫的活化剂相比,在试验指标持平的情况下,可以用X活化剂完全取代硫酸来活化黄铁矿选硫,为选厂解决设备腐蚀等技术问题提供了根本的途径。
【Abstract】 Activation of sulfur and separating sulfur from purpose of metal ore is one of the difficulties in separating multi-element sulfide. Pyrites are studied in this paper which come fron Tongling Xinqiao plant,in Anhui province. Moreover, the useful elements associate in a complicated way. It is one of the great difficults in mineral engineering. So, it is meaningful to research activating and depressing sulfur.The flotation of high iron sulfur marmatite in Xinqiao is representive on this mineral engineering focus. The raw ore has a great content of sulfur. It has many useful elements and rare- elements. All the minerals associate in a complicated way. According to the idiographic properties of the minerals on Xinqiao plant, the test is carried though thereinafter aspects.Extensive tests have been carried out on the behaviour of some collectors such as MAC-10, LP-01, Z-200, PAC, BK-301 and so on. It has been shown by experimentation results that LP-01 selectivity to copper mineral better than other collectors, and collecting capability to pyrites weaker. However, BK-301 collecting capability better than other collectors. Tests as well as have been carried out on the behaviour of composite collectors. The study reveals that composite collector of LP-01 BK-301 as slightly alkaline collector to separate coppers and pyrites. This collector name is JY-01 which LP-01 is the principal component r.Lime is the effective inhibitor of Xinqiao ores. Tests have been carried out on seplation with a little lime conjunction with JY-01. Under the conditions of low alkaline(pH:9～10), the folation of copper-sulfur minerals separation is carried though in lab. The results indicates that the separation of copper-sulfur on lower base environment can realized separating sulfur from pulp without any activation, and can make the sulfur flotatinal recovery up to 90%; Moreever, Under the conditions of high alkaline(pH>11)and use butyl xanthate as collector, the contrast tests have been carried out on the behaviour of some activation such as AS1, AS2, QY-319 and so on. It can be see from the results that new activation X can effectively seplate of pyrite on high alkaline condition. The ores of Xinqiao which copper grade is 0.64% and pyrite grade is 31.52%, after study, the test can obtain the target of copper grade 23.86% and recovery 90.56%, pyrite grade49.56 % and recovery 87.39%.Under the conditions of high alkaline(pH:12～14), the folation of copper-sulfur minerals separation is carried though in lab.without vitriol The results indicates that the new activation called X replaces sulfuric acid to activate sulfur. It has great selectivity, can activate on low pH and is porpitious to following task and can improve the safe of working men. In a same flowesheet, the X can increase content by 5% and increase recovery by 2%. In this paper, pyrite is the main subject, and modern scientific means testing(ESCA) are used to test the change of elements electronic binding energies in pyrite, and reveal the mechanism of X activation on pyrite with vitriol and X activation. The test also use infrared spectrometry test to explore the surface adsorption of vitriol and X activation. This reaserch approves the upper conclusin in a academic way.In a same indicators, compared with other activation, X reduced the dosage of flotational medicament such as vitral. It is useful for mineral engineering.