【作者】 李春花；

【导师】 李春玉；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 护理学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:(1)了解延吉市初中学生尝试吸烟和吸烟率:(2)明确延吉市初中学生一般特征、吸烟健康知识、吸烟认识和态度与尝试吸烟和吸烟行为关系。(3)确认影响尝试吸烟和吸烟的相关因素。方法:本研究属于非实验性描述性研究,采用分阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,在延吉市中学中抽取6所学校30个班级的1215名学生作为研究对象,实施问卷调查。调查内容有学生的人口学特征、吸烟现状、吸烟健康知识、吸烟认识态度、将来吸烟意向。所有数据利用SPSS13.0统计软件进行分析。结果:初中学生尝试吸烟率8.8%,吸烟率7.6%。男生尝试吸烟率和吸烟率高于女生;学生尝试吸烟率和吸烟率初二高于初一;零花钱多与少与尝试吸烟和吸烟率呈正比;学习成绩差的学生尝试吸烟率和吸烟率,高于学习成绩优良的学生,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。吸烟的动机以好奇为主。初次尝试吸烟年龄在7-12岁。吸烟认识态度总分高的学生尝试吸烟率和吸烟率低于吸烟认识态度总分低的学生,差异有统计学意义(t=4.539,P=0.000;t=7.589,P=0.000)。尝试吸烟和吸烟的单因素分析结果提示,影响学生尝试吸烟和吸烟的因素基本相同,性别、年级、学习成绩、每周零花钱等,使学生尝试吸烟和吸烟率增加;尝试吸烟和吸烟的多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,影响尝试吸烟的主要因素有:是否经常与同伴讨论吸烟问题、对同伴递烟的态度、年级、生活满意度、学习成绩。影响吸烟行为的主要因素有:是否经常与同伴讨论吸烟问题、对待同伴递烟态度、学习成绩、将来拒绝吸烟的自信程度。结论:(1)初中学生尝试吸烟率和吸烟率总体水平相对较低,绝大部分以尝试吸烟为主,女生吸烟率偏高,初次吸烟年龄呈现低龄化,不能忽视小学和女生控烟工作。(2)好奇是尝试吸烟的主要动机,因此,应加大学生对吸烟有害于健康的宣传和教育。(3)同伴、学习成绩、是否经常与父母讨论吸烟问题以及将来拒绝吸烟的自信程度是影响学生尝试吸烟和吸烟的主要因素,学校要重视和加强学生心理健康教育,培养学生拒烟的自制力,注重健康教育形式的创新,形成学校、家庭、社会相互协调,共同做好吸烟健康教育工作的局面。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:(1)To investigate the rate of attempting smoking and smoking of middle school students inYanji;(2)To evaluate the relationship between the demographic characteristics,the knowelege and attitude of smoking and the behaviour of attempting smoking and smoking;(3)To explore the related factors of attempting smoking and smoking rate.Methods:It was a descriptive study with samples of 1215 middle school students,from 6 different middle schools and 30 classes in Yanji,selected with stratified sampling and cluster sampling.Questionnaires were used to collect information of subjects’ demographic characteristics,smoking rate,knowledge, attitude and the intention of smoking.SPSS 13.0 was used to analysis the data.Results:The attempting rate of the smoking of the study is 8.8%while the rate of smoking is 7.6%.As for the demographic characteristics,boys of grade two,with more pocket money and worse academic achievement are likely to have significant higher rate of attempting smoking and smoking than girls of grade one,with less pocket money and better academic achievement(P＜0.001).The motivation of smoking was mainly "curiosity".And the age of attempting smoke for the first time was 7 to 12 years old.Subjects with higher score of smoking attitude were clearly have higher rate of attempting smoking and smoking(t=4.539,P=0.000 and t=7.589,P=0.000 respectivly).The single factor analysis implied that the related factor of the attempting smoking incluand gender,age,academic achievement and pocked money,which is similar to the related factors of smoking.The logistic regression suggested that the influencing factors of attempting smoking were discussion with peers,the attitude of tobacco from peers,grade,life satisfaction and academic achievement while discussion with peers,the attitude of tobacco from peers,academic achievement and confident of refusing to smoke for smoking.Conclusion:(1) The general rate of attempting smoking and smoking during middle school students were relatively low,and most were attempting smoking. Girls had high smoking rate,and it’s important to pay more attention to the tendency of low age.(2) The motivation of smoking was mainly "curiosity". Therefore,more propaganda and health education of smoking is necessary.(3) As for academic achievement,discussion with peers and confident of refusing to smoke were the main influencing factors of attempting smoking and smoking, more mental health education and innovative health education are demanded to make great progress of controlling smoking during school students.更多还原