【作者】 熊莉；

【导师】 李红兵；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 结构工程Ⅱ， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 建筑物已成为世界上最大的能源消耗者之一,其消耗的能源和释放的温室气体量占世界能源总消耗量和排放量的四分之一到三分之一。我国是建筑业大国,建筑业已经成为国民经济的支柱产业之一。建筑能耗总量是呈逐步上升的趋势,而在建筑能耗中住宅能耗占据着很大的比例,针对以上的现象,我国已出台了相关的法律法规、标准规范及政策体系,旨在推动住宅节能的更好实施和健康发展。但是,实际情况表明,我国住宅节能的实施效果还有待增强。本文在综合分析我国现阶段建筑能耗现状的基础上,指出了住宅节能的巨大潜力和意义,并介绍了住宅节能的内涵,通过比较国内外的研究现状,指出我国住宅节能研究的重点方向以及如何制定相关激励政策。论文分析了住宅节能的相关利益主体,根据各相关利益主体在节能住宅建设中所起的作用,提出了政府、开发商、消费者是住宅节能的关键利益主体,并重点分析三者在住宅节能的各个阶段的作用。并结合微观经济学中外部性理论,提出住宅节能所具有的正外部性及代际外部性等特点,寻求外部性内部化的各种措施,认为采取政府干预是住宅节能外部性内部化的最好措施,具体实施的时候应以经济手段为主,法律和行政手段为辅。基于住宅节能主要受益主体的利益分析,提出了节能住宅的具体激励政策,并建立了相关的约束模型,具体量化了外部性效益,转化成政府应付出的成本。最后,以此为依据,提出了符合我国国情的住宅节能的激励政策设计及促进节能住宅产业发展有待于解决的几个主要问题。以实现我国住宅节能工作飞跃式的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The building has already become one of the biggest energy consumers in the world, which released the energy and greenhouse gas accounts for world energy’s total consumption nearly 1/4 to 1/3. Our country is a big construction country , the construction has already become one of the pillar industries of national economy. The total amount of the building energy consumption presents a trend of rising, but residential energy consumption is occupying very large proportion in building energy consumption, so , China promulgated a variety of residential energy saving laws and regulations, technical norms and policy system, in order to promote energy-saving residential to implement and develop in a healthy way. However, the actual situation indicates , the implementation effect of residential energy-saving in our country has yet to be enhanced .On the basis of the comprehensive analysis of the building energy consumption in the present stage of China , the paper have pointed out the enormous potentiality and meaning of residential energy-conserving, first, introduces the intension of residential energy-conserving, and comparing the relatively domestic and international research in residential energy efficiency, point out the focus in residential energy efficiency is the research direction and how to make the relevant incentive policy.The paper have analysed the relevant main stakeholders of residential energy efficiency , and according to the all relevant main stakeholders whose function played in residential energy efficiency construction process, have proposed that the government , the real estate developers , the consumers are the key factors in residential energy efficiency, especially , analyse that the three are on the function at each energy-conserving stages of residential. And , combined the external effect theory of microeconomics, point out that characteristics of positive externalities and intergenerational externalities in residential energy efficiency , and reseach the measures to put the beneifit of residential energy efficiency in internalization , and that the best measures of these is that take the government intervention , the specific implementation should rely mainly on economic incentives means while supplemented with law and administration means.Based on the analyse of main stakeholders of residential energy efficiency in interests, have proposed the specific incentive policy of residential energy efficiency, and has set up relevant restraint model , quantitative externality benefits, then transform into the cost of the government . Finally, based on this, the economic incentive associated with the design of policies in residential energy efficiency has made, several subject program yet to be resolved ,such as many other measures to encourage China’s residential energy efficiency .Guiding Energy-saving work to the realization of China’s energy-saving residential work rapid development.更多还原