【作者】 刘婵婵；

【导师】 李其荣；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 世界史， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 克林顿政府在上个世纪末进行了长达8年的行政改革,克林顿一上台就提出“重塑政府”,这次改革优化了政府职能,引进了许多私营部门的经营理念,竞争机制被引入了政府部门,反映了改革的市场化取向;改革中实现政治任命官员的广泛性和授权社区的举措,反映了改革的民主化取向;改革中确立的顾客服务理念,反映了政府行政文化的改变。改革极大地改善了美国政府充满繁文缛节、低效、浪费的官僚主义,提高了政府的效率,节约了可观的费用,改革也促使美国经济进入了历史上为时最长的繁荣期。本文分四部分对克林顿政府的行政改革进行了分析,第一部分为克林顿政府行政改革的背景分析,分别从国际因素、国内因素和指导理论三个方面进行了论述。第二部分为改革的内容,主要包括:放松规制,实现政府职能市场化取向;去科层化,健全政府内部运行机制;引进竞争机制,促使公共服务的市场化;行政改革中政治任命官员的广泛性和授权社区的民主化取向;“顾客至上”的服务理念以及发起电子政务。第三部分是对改革的评价,任何改革都不是尽善尽美的,克林顿政府的行政改革取得了有目共睹的成就,也存在不少争议。第四部分是克林顿政府的改革经验对我国的借鉴。因为同处于经济全球化的国际背景下,美国行政改革的一些取向反映了当今时代发展的方向,具有一定的进步性和合理性,值得我们在尊重本国实际情况的基础上进行参考借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Clinton administration carried on 8 years of administrative reform in the end of last century, Clinton proposed the slogan of "Reinventing Government", the reform optimized the functions of the government, introduced a number of business theory in private sector, competition mechanism was put into practice in the federal government departments, reflecting the market-oriented reform incline; the realization of the breadth of political appointees and authorized community initiatives reflected the democratic orientation of the reform; the establishment of the concept of customer service reflected the change of the government’s administrative culture. The reform has greatly improved red tape, inefficient, wasteful bureaucracy in American government, improved government efficiency, saved considerable cost, the reform also contributed to the economy to enter the longest period of prosperity in American history.The dissertation is divided into four parts to conduct an analysis of the reform in the Clinton administration, the first part concerns the background analysis of the Clinton administrative reform, respectively discuss international factors, domestic factors and the guiding theory. The second part explains the reform measures, the reform includes many contents, here mainly introduce the following aspects : Deregulation and to achieve market-oriented government functions; get rid of bureaucracy to achieve a sound operational mechanism for the Government; the introduction of competition mechanism to promote the marketization of public services; the breadth of political appointees and empowering communities; the service philosophy of "customer first"; e-government initiative. The third part is the evaluation of the reform, any reform is not perfect, the Clinton administration has made obvious achievements, however, there is a lot of controversy. The fourth part discusses the experience that China can learn from the Clinton administration’s reform. As we both face the economic globalization in the international context, some orientation of the Clinton administrative reform reflects the direction of the development of the contemporary era, with a certain degree of progress and rationality, to which we ought to draw on based on respecting the actual situation in our country.更多还原