雷达信号侦察处理机及中控设计与实现

【作者】 熊辉；

【导师】 唐斌；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 雷达信号侦察处理机在雷达对抗系统中担负着极其重要的角色,它是电子干扰系统、电子情报系统和雷达威胁告警接收机的核心。在复杂电磁环境中,信号密度大且信号形式多样,这给电子侦察带来了很大困难。为了应对这种挑战,雷达信号侦察处理机除了具备宽输入带宽、大动态范围和同时到达信号的处理能力之外,还必须具备快速分析、实时处理各种雷达信号的能力。本文围绕雷达信号侦察处理机及其工程实现做了如下工作:1.研究了现代雷达对抗的应用环境,分析了高速ADC采样方案和数据率转换系统方案,提出了基于多级信道化的雷达信号侦察数字处理机方案,阐述了方案中涉及的高速ADC采集、多级数字信道化、中控控制、信号处理等关键技术,探讨了各项关键技术的突破方法。2.在理论分析噪声对相位估计精度影响的基础上,介绍了一种工程可快速实现的脉内调制类型识别算法。针对多重相位差分算法的缺点,采用了基于窗函数滤波的瞬时频率测量方法,重构了八种脉内调制信号的瞬时频率;通过对信号瞬时频率进行最小二乘拟合和直方图统计,实现了信号的识别。3.基于傅立叶系数插值迭代频率测量算法和快速解线性调频算法,实现了简单脉冲、线性调频和V型非线性调频的参数估计;基于相位差分算法估计的瞬时频率,实现了相位编码信号和频率编码信号的载频估计。4.基于多级信道化的雷达信号侦察数字处理机方案,给出了侦察处理机的中控方案总体设计。5.在分析消息传递方式、缓存区管理模式和DDR SDRAM读写特点的基础上,给出了短信号缓存子模块、第一级信道化数据缓存子模块和第二级信道化数据缓存子模块的实现结构。6.分析了两类信道化数据的缓存特点和信号分选算法的数据要求,给出了计算资源配置子模块的实现结构。基于数据率转换系统的同时到达信号检测结果,给出了同时到达信号的修正模块的实现结构。7.完成了系统的联调工作,验证了脉内分析算法和中控子系统的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reconnaissance processor for radar signal is a key system in the field of radar countermeasure, which is the core of ESM system, ELINT system and RWR. In complex electromagnetic environment situation,the signals have some characteristics such as dense and multifarious , which brings many difficulties for electronic reconnaissance. To cope with this challenge, the reconnaissance processor must have the following capabilities, such as wide input width, high dynamic range, multi-signal processing, rapid analysis and real-time processing.The thesis focuses on the reconnaissance processor and its engineering realizations to do some work as follows:1. In environment of modern radar electronic warfare, the thesis analyses the schemes of high-speed ADC sampling and high data rate transform. Then the thesis formulates an action plan to design a radar digital signal processor based on multi-level channelization. In which, author illustrates some key techniques involved in the scheme such as ADC sampling, high data rate converter, central control, radar signal processing etc. and also go into the solutions for the key techniques respectively.2. As is known, noise can affect the accuracy of phase estimation. Based on the theoretical analysis of the influence mentioned above, an engineering approach algorithm of intra-pulse modulation recognition is presented. An instantaneous frequency measure method based on Window function filtering is presented to solve the shortcoming of multiple phase difference. In this method, the author reconstructs instantaneous frequencies of eight kinds of intra-pulse signals and realizes signal recognition by least-squares fitting and histogram statistics.3. The methods of fourier coefficient interpolation and fast dechirp are introduced to realize the parameter estimation of monopulse, LFM and and V type NLFM. Based on the instantaneous frequency estimated by phase differential algorithm, the carrier frequency of phase encoding signal and frequency encoding signal are obtained.4. The central control scheme of the reconnaissance processor is presented based on the structure of multi-level digital channelization.5. The message passing, buffer management and read-write characteristic of DDR SDRAM have been introduced. Then a realizable structure of submodule of short pulse cache, the first channelized data cache and the second channelized data cache is given respectively.6. The characteristic of two types of channelized data cache and signal sorting algorithm is analysed, and a realizable structure of resource configuration computing is given respectively. A realizable structure is presented based on the detecting results from the data converter system, in which, modules of parameter extraction and correction are involved.7. To demonstrate the feasibility of radar signals processing algorithms, and practicability of central control system, a hardware and software combine-test system is designed and testified.更多还原