【作者】 王珂；

【导师】 乐玉汉； 张浩；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 车辆工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 2011年是我国“十二五”计划的第一年,在电动汽车方面,科技部已研究制定了电动汽车“十二五”科技发展专项规划,已将动力电池的安全性、一致性、耐久性等特性作为重点突破口。作为电动汽车特别是纯电动汽车动力源的动力电池,其相应特性必须满足电动汽车行驶、安全性能要求；电池热管理系统的设计对电池温度、电压均衡,电池系统性能有重要影响,继而影响动力电池的安全、一致和耐久性能。因此,开展纯电动汽车动力电池特性及应用研究十分重要。本文以YY5纯电动样车项目为支撑,以纯电动汽车用动力电池为研究对象,运用实验和计算机仿真相结合的方法提出满足纯电动汽车行驶性能、充电性能的动力电池技术要求。建立了动力电池箱体热管理仿真模型,运用Fluent软件对其进行了流场和温度场的仿真计算,根据仿真结果评价了电池热管理系统。本文的主要工作可以概括如下：(1)分析了当前国内外电动汽车用动力电池特性(比容/能量、充放电倍率、充放电电压、电流、温升、效率等),并运用电池测试设备对动力电池放电倍率特性、温度特性和充电倍率特性做了测试和分析。(2)在静态测试的基础上,运用GT—SUITE软件建立了YY5纯电动汽车仿真模型,基于一种控制策略和运行工况,进行模型在环仿真,分析动力电池实际使用工况下SOC,续驶里程,动力电池电流、电压及输出功率曲线,并对动力电池输出功率和电流数据进行了规整评价。(3)根据电池热管理系统化研究方法,分析了热管理的研究对象,确定了设计目标,获得了电池热模型的导热系数,比热容、对流系数等基本参数,计算出了关于电流强度I的电池生热速率方程,设计了电池热管理系统的总体构架。(4)对电池热管理系统进行了仿真计算,结合仿真结果提出动力电池箱体、动力电池和电池热管理在布置、设计方面的评价：1.在外形设计上,动力电池箱体在冷却空气流动方向上不应该设计得过长,且避免出现较大转角或直角的结构；2.采用串行式通风方式冷却在空气流动方向上具有细长结构的电池箱体效果不理想,致使后排电池模块散热效果不好,电池单体温度差异扩大；3.受到散热风扇的影响,导致冷却空气串流,同宽度的流道并不能保证冷却空气在电池单体间的流速相同；4.薄片型动力电池给电池箱体的设计和布置带来了困难,并导致轿车空间利用率不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 2011 is the first year of China’s "Twelfth Five-Year Plan". In the electric vehicle area, the Ministry of Science has studied the electric vehicle "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" Technology Development Plan, which has taken the battery safety, consistency and durability as a key breakthrough.As the power source of electric vehicle, especially pure electric vehicle, the corresponding characteristics of battery must meet the requirements of electric vehicle driving, security performance;The designing of battery thermal management system has a major impact on battery temperature, voltage balancing, battery system performance, and then the power battery safety, consistency and durability. Therefore, it’s very important to research the power battery of EV and its application.This dissertation which is supported by YY5 pure EV sample car program gives a research on power battery and proposes the power battery technical requirements of pure EV driving charging and discharging performance by using the methods of experiment and computer simulation. This dissertation Establishs a power battery box thermal management simulation model which is analyzed with Fluent software. According to the simulation results of flow field and temperature field, evaluate the battery thermal management system. The main work can be summarized as follows:(1) The current domestic and international characteristics of the EV battery (specific capacity/energy, charge and discharge rate, charge and discharge voltage, current, temperature rise, efficiency, etc.) is analyzed. The characteristics of power battery discharge/charge rate and temperature are tested and analyzed.(2) Based on the static test, this dissertation builds YY5 pure EV simulation model and the model in the loop simulation with the GT-SUITE software in the condition of certain of control strategy and driving cycle. The actual driving cycle using of SOC, driving range, current, voltage and output power curve are analyzed, and the battery output power and current data are evaluated too.(3) Accoding to the battery thermal management of systematic research methods, this dissertation analyzes the thermal management research object to determine the design goals, And then gains the basic parameters of thermal conductivity, heat capacity, convection coefficient. Battery heat rate equation about currentⅠis calculated. The overall structure of battery thermal management system is designed. (4) The battery thermal management system is simulated. According to the simulation result, this dissertation evaluates the layout and design of the power battery box, power battery and battery thermal management:1.In the aspect of power battery box design, it should not be designed too long in the derection of the cooling air, and avoided the larger structure of the corner of right angle.2. Using the way of serial ventilation cooling system with a slender structure is not satisfactory, which results the poor heat dissipation of the rear battery module, and extends the battery temperature difference between the monomer.3. The cooling air streams by the impact of cooling fan, causing the same width of the channel does not guarantee the same speed of cooling air between the battery monomer.4. The power battery box with Sheet-type battery monomer is difficult to design and layout, and lead to the low car space utilization rate.更多还原