【作者】 崔丽；

【导师】 刘玉梅；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业化进程的推进和人口的剧增,能源供给和能源可持续发展已经成为当今世界问题。随着汽车保有量的持续增长,对石油的需求量日益增长,石油的供给平衡制约着世界经济的发展。寻找清洁、可再生替代能源,构筑稳定、经济、清洁的能源供应体系是人与自然和谐发展的方向。生物柴油作为绿色环保的新型燃料是近年来科学研究的热点,在我国通常采用多种配比的生物柴油,本文重点通过生物柴油多种混合比混合燃油的理化性能测量试验和发动机性能试验来研究生物柴油掺烧的最佳混合比。本论文研究主要完成了下述工作：1)生物柴油多种混合比混合燃油的理化性能指标的测定。测定了8种混合比生物柴油混合燃料(B0、B5、B10、BD20、B40、B50、B80、B100)的理化性能,并测定了温度对生物柴油部分理化性能的影响,建立了生物柴油多种混合比混合燃油理化性能数据表,为生物柴油专用发动机的匹配和进一步研究混合比对发动机性能的影响提供数据参考。2)通过生物柴油的混合比对发动机性能的影响确定生物柴油的最佳混合比。(1)在不改变发动机结构参数的情况下燃用8种混合比的生物柴油与0拌柴油混合燃料进行发动机性能试验,得到以下结论：随着混合比的增大,发动机动力性能有所下降,标定功率降幅为0.5%-5.3%,最大扭矩降幅为0.9%-5.9%；燃油经济性稍有下降,标定功率点的燃油消耗量增幅为2.8%-11.2%,最大扭矩点的燃油消耗量增幅为0.1%-8%；排放性能有所改善,CO排放浓度略降幅为3.1%-44.6%,HC排放浓度略降幅为5.8%-13.7%,微粒PM排放浓度降幅为1%-18.75%,SOF(可溶性有机成分)排放降幅为1.9%-5.7%,DS(二氧化硫)排放降幅为4.7%-27.9%,烟度排放降幅为21.4%-53.6%,NOx排放浓度增幅为1.4%-7.4%。(2)通过试验发现车用生物柴油混合燃料最佳混合比为20%,为生物柴油专用发动机的匹配提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of industrialization and the rapid increase in population, energy supply and sustainable development of energy have become the world’s problems nowadays. As well, with the continuing growth in car ownership and the growing demand for oil, people have become increasingly dependent on oil, so that the supply of oil restricted the balance of the world economic development. Looking for clean and renewable alternative energy sources, building a stable, economical and clean energy supply system are the direction of harmonious development between human and natural.Biodiesel, as a new green fuel, is a hot research point in recent years, and the varieties of rate of the biodiesel are usually used in China. Therefore, experiment were carried out in this paper to study the optimal mixing ratio of biodiesel in use.The main conclusions of the experiments were as follows:1) The measurement of physical and chemical indexes of different mixing ratios of biodiesel mixing fuel. The physical and chemical indexes of eight mixing ratios of biodiesel mixing fuel (B0、B5、B10、BD20、B40、B50、B80、B100), and determined the temperature effects on physical and chemical performance have been tested. A mixture data sheet about varieties of physical and chemical properties of bio-diesel oil has been established as well. Thus, the reference data was provided for special biodiesel engine matching and further study on engine performance.2) The determination of the optimal mixing ratio through mixing ratio influence on engine performance.(1) Without changing the structural parameters of engine, the paper makes the test on fueling 8 cases of mixing rate of biodiesel and the petroleum diesel mixed 0# fuel for engine performance. The conclusions as follows:With the increase of the mixing ratio, the power performance of engine has declined with mixing ratio of biodiesel increased, the calibration power fell 5.3% to 0.5%, the maximum torque declined 0.9%-5.9%; fuel economic dropped, the calibration power point increased 2.8%-11.2% in fuel consumption, and fuel consumption of the maximum torque oint increased 0.1%-8%. While emissions performance improved a little, the density of CO emissions slightly decreased 3.1%-44.6%, the density of HC emissions dropped 3.1%-44.6%. Particulates (PM) emission were reduction, which was 1%～18.75%. SOF (soluble organic compounds) emissions fell 1.9%-5.7%, DS (sulfur dioxide) emissions decreased 4.7%-27.9%, Smoke emissions fell 53.6%～21.4%, the density of NOx emission increased 1.4%.(2) The optimal mixing ratio of biodiesel is at 20% though experiment, which provides reference data for engine matching.更多还原