【作者】 杨波；

【导师】 董竹；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 工业工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 商业利润来源于采用何种方法对商品进行销售,制造业利润来源于采用何种方法对产品进行制造。近年,随着08金融海啸的袭击,很多管理不善的企业纷纷关门,整体制造业的形式可以用哀鸿遍野来描述。环境在变化,人及物也在变化,为了探讨工厂在应对这些变化的时候,当用什么样的角度,什么样的程度进行思考、行动?由此进行生产方式的归纳和总结,来研究产品的特性与采取的生产方式之间的对应关系。自工业革命以来,尚未见有何行业的科技含量之高,产品种类衍生之多,客户面向之广,发展速度之快,对人类影响之大,行业竞争之激烈超过电子业,对此行业的内涵进行细致的研究显得非常必要。因为电子产品随着季节性变化趋势非常明显,市场需求又非常大,产品使用者形形色色,因此形成了大量生产方式和多种少量生产方式并存的参差不齐的局面,使很多制造企业陷入苦恼。在工厂管理方面,产品科学技术和劳动力非常密集,对产品品质的要求也非常高,需要投入大量的人力,物力,财力,需要高水平的管理技术。在客户方面,为了提高核心竞争力,避免多拳同时出击,很多公司用专业分工更加明确的方式来进行应对,有些电子产品的品牌公司甚至只保留研发团队,将制造的任务一律外包,造就了大量代工企业。同时,为了赚到更多的利润,几乎所有的的企业都会对自己的供应商实行定期的降价手段,这种做法在促使产品更加大众化的同时带来了前所未有的激烈竞争。“物竞天择,适者生存”,在漫漫的从业之路上,每个企业都会遇到很多危机,在遇到危机之时,如何化危机为转机,使企业能安然度过经济的低迷期,实现持续发展,对策无外乎“开源节流”两个方向,开源是获取更大的市场和更多的订单,这个方向的成功一半以上的胜算操纵在竞争对手手中,节流是如何以更少的成本和更好的品质,更快的速度进行产品制造,这个方向的成功完全在于自己的企业。从制造型企业制胜的战略角度而言,开源不如节流。本研究试图说明当产品的需求特性发生变化时,为了保证产出绩效的不降低,生产方式需要进行对应的调整。而环境的变化导致产品的需求特性不停的在发生变化,因此生产方式该如何变化才能满足市场当前的需求,这正是本研究要进行探讨的主旨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Business profits derived from the method by which the product sales,manufacturing profits is derived from the manufacture method.In recent years,due to the Y08 financial tsunami attack,global econmy recessed and did not fully recovered until now.Many businesses have closed,the overall manufacturing sector can be devastated in the form described.Environment changes,people and property is changing.In order to investigate how to face these changes,including,what kind of point of view,what kind of degree of thought,action?Therefore,summarize the manufacture method to study the relationship between characteristics of products and production methods adopted.Since the industrial revolution,there is not any high tech industry.Many types of derivative products,broad customers,rapid development,huge influence for human resource,the intense competition than the electronics industry,all of the above make that it is so necessary for the detailed study for this industry.Because electronic products will be changed by season obviously and market demand is very large.But the product user is very different,so now we are facing the mass production whith large quantity and less quantity and less quantity with more types,two different production style,which made many enterprise in a big trouble. Regarding to factory management,products technology and labor is intensive,and the requirement for quality is very high,which need a lot of labor,material,financial resources and high level management.As for the customer,to raise the core competitiveness and avoid the waste in various non-core businesses,many companies deal with this in the way of dividing all the tasks,some electronic/consumer branded companies even just keep the R&D business and outsource the manufacturing,hence the EMS rises.Meanwhile,to earn more profit almost all the companies would ask their suppliers priced down regularly.This could make the products more affordable but also lead to the severe competitiveness.“Only the strong company survives”,on the long road of business,lots of companies will encounter crisis.However,the way to turn the crisis to the opportunityⅡ for companies to overcome the depression is not only to get wider and more variant profitable opportunities but also cut the cost.To get wider and more variant profitable opportunities is to get wider markets and more purchasing orders,the winning chance to this strategy 50% depends on the speed,and the winning chance to this strategy 100% depends on ourselves.In manufacturing’s point of view,to cut the cost is much better than to get wider and more variant profitable opportunities.In this research,the production way(production technology) is input item,the cost and delivery are the output items,the demand for products, quantity and types are factors,we would like to prove that the production has a corresponding relationship to the output performance when the factors change.So when the factors change,to assure the output performance won’t get suffering, the production way needs to be adjusted,too. Also,the changing environment affects the products, character constantly.How to adjust the production way? It is what we like to understand and study in this research.更多还原