【作者】 赵娟；

【导师】 张慧媛；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学（北京） ， 电工理论与新技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 电场测量对于了解电磁环境及高压电器设备的优化方面是非常必要的。为了更好的研究设备运行的状态,常常需要了解设备周围的工频电场。本论文结合已有的测量电场的方法,研究了基于电致伸缩材料的传感原理,及传感系统的设计和工艺制作,进行了实验的研究。首先理论分析测量交流电场和直流电场的可行性,运用了基于电致伸缩效应的光纤传感原理对本论文的测量方法给予证明,推导出了球形探头感应电压和电场强度之间的关系。并且从电场换能材料的选择和信号检测等方面给予了详细的阐述,论证了方法的可行性。接着对球形电场传感器的组成进行了研究和设计,包括电场探头、解调电路以及换能器的设计。运用仿真软件和计算的方法得到电场测量系统的系统响应数据,用来和测量系统的实验结果进行对比。用设计好的电场测量系统在不同电场情况下进行实验,得到系统输出和电场强度的关系。并与仿真和计算得到的结果对比。实验表明：工频交流电场下,换能材料的伸缩形变量和所加载电压呈现良好的线性关系,滞后效应不明显。球形探头感应的电场信号与电场强度也是线性关系,满足了实验的前提。在以上实验结果满足要求的条件下,进行的整个系统的输出特性实验,系统响应输出和电场为线性关系,实现了实验的预期要求,实验结果显示本实验重复性好,可靠性高,达到了电场测量的目的。球形探头在直流电场下的测量结果验证了开关电路的设计实现了对残余电荷影响的消除,高阻抗箱的选择很好的减缓了电荷的泄漏,实现了直流电场的测量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electric field of measurement is necessary to understand electromagnetic environment and optimize high voltage electrical equipments. In order to study the status of equipment operation, it is needed to understand the frequency electric field in the internal and on the surface of the equipment. This paper combines the existing methods of measuring the electric field at power frequency, expresses the theory of principle of optical fiber electric field sensor based on electrostrictive materials, researches on the design and production process, and carries out experimental research.First of all, the paper analysis measuring AC electric field and DC field is feasible. It proves the measurement method based on fiber-optic electric field sensing principle of electrostriction effect and comes out the relationship between induced voltage and electric field strength. Then, the detection of spherical electric field sensor system is discussed, including the electric field probe, demodulation circuit and transducer design. By using simulation software and calculation method, we get response data of the electric field measurement system, which would be compared with experimental result. We do the reasearches in the different electric field strength and get the the relationship between induced voltage and electric field strength. The experiment shows that:Under the industrial frequency AC fields, transducer material and its applied voltage show a good linear relationship, the lagging effect is not obvious. Induced signal of the spherical probe in the electric field is also a linear relationship with the electric field strength, which meets the experiment of premise. The above results meeting the requirements, we do the the whole system output characteristic test, the output response system is linear to the electric field strength, which achieves the expected requirements of the experiment. Experimental results indicate that the experiment repeatability, high reliability, reached the electric field measurement purposes. Spherical probe measurements under DC electric field verify that switching circuit eliminats the effect of the residual charges, high-impedance case is very good slowed the charge of leakage; we achieve the DC electric field measurements.更多还原