“全球史观”在中国史研究中的运用

【作者】 李杨；

【导师】 江湄；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 史学理论及史学史， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 全球史自20世纪中叶兴起以来不仅给历史思维带来了新的视角,还为世界历史的编纂提供了新的方法。现已翻译出版的许多全球史论著都以独特的视角和方法对中国历史的有关内容进行了研究,力求将中国史纳入于全球史之中,如《全球通史》、《西方的兴起》和《新全球史》等将中国史的研究纳入全球范围内去考察,强调跨国界、跨地域范围的比较与借鉴、互动与关联,使中国史研究具有新的深度和广度。也有学者吸收了全球史的新的视角与方法,用以研究中国历史,产生了新的成果,如在区域史研究中,史学家把中国放在东亚或整个亚洲的空间范围内进行审视,从新的角度对历史上的中国以及亚洲与欧洲的关系进行了理解。在社会经济史研究中,“加州学派”以全球视野为参照系,交互比较中西发展道路的歧异,将中国置于世界历史的范围之中,强调中国在世界历史发展中的重要性,揭示了中国历史独特的发展逻辑。在中国环境史研究中,史学家将中国的历史发展放在世界环境变迁中考察,从环境因素、人类活动和环境意识的角度发现了中国环境的变迁与世界许多的共性与特性,这样就对许多重要社会历史问题做出新的解释,从而进一步拓展了对人类历史的认识。本文主要从这些著作和论文入手,论述他们如何运用“全球史观”来考察和研究中国的历史,以及全球史的视角、理论与方法对中国史研究有着怎样的启发性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since rising from the middle of the 20th century, global history not only brought very much of a new perspective to the traditional historiography, but a brand new method with which we could add to the existent ways of compiling our own world history. Some of the already published works in this specific area have concentrated on Chinese history with new historical views never touched upon before, trying to conclude Chinese history as an organic part of global history. Some works that "Global History", "Rise of the West"," New Global History" will use a global perspective on Chinese history. They emphasize on cross-regional comparison and cross-border interaction. They will enable the study of Chinese history more depth and breadth. There are also scholars who achieved new accomplishments with their Chinese history concentration and global historical view. For example, the study of history in region, the Chinese historians look at Chinese history in the context of East Asia or Asia so as to re-understand the history of relations between China and Europe. In the study of social and economic history, "California School" compared the differences between Chinese and Western path of development in the global view, placed Chinese history in the scope of world history and stressed the importance of Chinese history in world history that revealed the unique historical development of China. The historians study the environmental history of China in the global history. From environmental factors, human activities and environmental awareness point of view, they find the common and differences between China and the world so that expand the understanding of human history. This paper manages to look through these works and thesis, closely examine how they used the global historical view to look at Chinese history, and what impact the historical view of global history and the theory of it has on the study of Chinese history.更多还原