某电子侦察系统中的数字信号处理模块硬件设计

【作者】 吴凡；

【导师】 沈晓峰； 陈刚；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 电子与通信工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 电子侦察系统指对敌方的无线电信号进行搜索、识别、定位和分析,以确定这些设备的技术参数,进而获取敌方情报的系统。数字信号处理技术是电子侦察系统的灵魂,直接决定侦察速度、灵敏度、范围等各种技术指标。随着DSP技术和软件无线电技术的发展,电子侦察系统正朝着全数字化方向发展。信号处理模块是电子侦察系统的计算中心,主要由硬件和软件两部分组成。软件包括算法和实现算法的程序。硬件包括处理芯片、外围芯片、接插件和PCB等。硬件设计包括芯片选型、硬件原理设计、PCB设计等过程。在很大程度上,硬件设计决定了设备的功能、性能、可靠性、可生产性、可维护性、电磁兼容能力等,需要遵守严格的规范和流程,这是工程设计和学术研究的一个显著区别。本论文主要介绍了某电子侦察系统中的信号处理模块的芯片选型、硬件设计、PCB设计过程,一方面介绍了信号处理模块的原理,另一方面重点突出了硬件设计和PCB设计的流程、重要规范和注意事项。在此基础上,还简要地介绍底层软件设计和逻辑设计的原理和流程。信号处理模块采用‘’DSP+FPGA"的构架,分别采用TS201S, Virtex4两种芯片。DSP芯片是数字信号处理的核心,主要处理算法通过DSP软件实现,FPGA一方面作为控制和数据信号接口,另一方面进行部分信号辅助处理。信号处理单元受系统中嵌入式主控计算机模块控制,通过local bus连接。硬件原理设计使用了Cadence公司的ORCAD Capture软件,PCB设计采用Cadence公司的allegro软件。在设计过程中参考了ADI公司、Xilinx公司和Altera公司的硬件设计指导手册和参考设计,考虑了信号质量、高速布线等注意事项。底层软件设计使用了windriver公司的tornado集成设计工具。FPGA设计分别使用了QuartusⅡ和ISE软件,并进行了功能仿真。通过本次论文工作,完成了信号处理模块的芯片选型、硬件原理设计、PCB设计、部分FPGA设计,同时也完成了底层软件设计(主控计算机模块),为数字信号处理软件搭建了稳定可靠的硬件平台。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electronic reconnaissance systems search, identify, locate and analysis the radio signals of the enemy’s electronic devices, then determine the technical parameters of these devices, and then get the enemy’s intelligence. Digital signal processing technology is the soul of electronic reconnaissance systems, directly determine the detection rate, sensitivity, range and other technical indicators. With the development of DSP technology and software radio technology, electronic reconnaissance systems are moving towards all-digital direction.Signal processing module is the computer center of electronic reconnaissance systems. And it is composed by hardware and software. Software includes algorithms and program. Hardware including the processing chip, peripheral chips, connectors, and PCB and so on. Hardware includes the processing chip, peripheral chips, connectors, and PCB and so on. To a large extent, hardware design determines the capabilities, performance, reliability, manufacturability, maintainability, electromagnetic compatibility of the device. Hardware design needs to comply with strict standards and processes. This is a significant difference between the engineering design and academic research,This paper introduces the chip selection, hardware design and PCB design process of the signal processing module in an electronic reconnaissance system. On the one hand it describes the principles of signal processing module, on the other hand highlights the hardware design and PCB design process, the important specification and precautions. On this basis, the paper also briefly describes the underlying software design and logic design principles and processes.The framework of the signal processing module is "DSP+FPGA", respectively using TS201S, Virtex4. DSP chips are the core of digital signal processing. The primary algorithms are implemented by program running on the DSP. FPGA is the interface of control and data signal, and also is the auxiliary signal processing center. An embedded computer controls the signal processing unit through the local bus.We use the ORCAD Capture software of Cadence company to design schematics and the allegro software of Cadence company to design PCB. We referenced the hardware design guide and reference designs and considered the signal quality, high-speed wiring and other considerations. We use the integrated design tools named tornado of windriver Corporation to design driver software and FPGA design tools to design and simulate logic circuit.Through the work of this paper, we completed the chip selection, schematics design, PCB design, part of the FPGA design, but also completed a driver software design (the master control computer unit). So we build a stable and reliable hardware platform for digital signal processing software.更多还原