【作者】 杨磊；

【导师】 杨灿军；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 深海大洋的国际竞争日趋激烈,一些发达国家针对深海长期观测的要求,投入了巨资建立了深海观测网络。我国也于07年开展了深海观测网络的研究,本课题的研究对象是基于深海观测网络的非接触式数据传输技术。为了使得深海观测网络的各种传感器系统保持一定的独立性,布放和回收方便,各种传感器、采样器等作业工具与接驳盒的通信需采用电磁耦合的无线通信方式。同时,为了进一步扩展海底观测网络的测量范围,无缆水下机器人(AUV)被并入海底观测网络体系中,本课题采用光通讯来实现水下AUV和深海观测网络间的高速通信。本论文的主要研究内容如下：为了提高水下电磁耦合系统的通信距离,本文从电磁理论的角度出发,结合实验测试,分析影响电磁耦合通信距离的各个要素,提出了电磁耦合系统优化设计的一般方法。在既有的电磁耦合系统的基础上,重新设计并制作了通讯系统电路,增加了信号放大和滤波环节,修正了信号调制和解调电路,提高了电磁耦合系统的通信距离。针对水下AUV和海底观测网络间的高速,大角度,远距离非接触通讯的需求,本文设计了单向传输的基于LED的高速光通讯系统。根据水下光通讯的特点及光在海水中的传播特性,选择了适合的光学元器件和电子元器件,从光路结构,系统电路到耐压机械结构各方面对水下光通讯系统的光发送端和光接收端进行了设计。最后,通过对水下电磁耦合系统和水下光通讯系统的地面试验和水下试验,测定了两种通讯系统的通讯效果和性能指标。结果表明,两种通讯系统都具有良好的通讯效果,很好的满足各自的通讯要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The international competition for deep sea is becoming fierce more and more. Some developed countries have invested huge funds to build the deep seafloor observatory networks for long-term observation in deep sea. China carried out the research on the deep seafloor observatory network in 2007. The object of this paper is the contactless information transmission technology for deep seafloor observatory network.In order to make various varieties of sensor systems connecting the ocean observing network independent and easy to be deployed and reclaimed, Inductively Coupled Link (ICL) was chosen to realize the wireless communication between the junction box and working tools like samplers. Meanwhile, in order to expand the observatory range of deep seafloor observatory network, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) had been incorporated into the system. We used optical communications to realize the high-speed communications between AUV and the deep seafloor observatory network. The main content of this paper is as follows:In order to improve the range of underwater ICL communication, according to the electromagnetic theory and experiments, this paper analyzed various elements of the range of ICL communication, proposed a general method for optimal design for ICL. The communication circuits were redesigned based on the existing system. The amplifier and filter were added and the modulation and demodulation circuits were rectified relatively to improve the range.High-speed optical communication systems were designed, which was one-way information transmission system for LED. It can meet the need of the contactless communication system between AUV and deep seafloor observatory network, high-speed, wide-angle and long range. According to the characteristics of underwater optical communication and optical propagation in water, we chose suitable optical components and electronic components and designed the optical structure, the circuits and the mechanical structure of the optical systems, including the transmitter and the receiver. Finally, the performances of the two communication systems were tested and the technical specifications were measured by the experiments in and out of water. The results showed that the two communications systems had good performance and meet their own requirements well.更多还原