【作者】 陈伟；

【导师】 轩福贞； 朱晓明；

【作者基本信息】 华东理工大学 ， 安全工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 16MnR材料是化工行业压力容器制造中使用最普遍的一种钢材,因其价格相对较低,同时具备较好的综合性能,在压力容器制造,特别是石化行业的过程设备中广泛使用。但16MnR材料在特殊工况下,尤其是湿硫化氢环境中会发生氢鼓泡失效,导致设备局部破坏,极易引发相关的重大安全事故。因此,对氢鼓泡问题的研究就具有很大的意义。本文首先分析了中石化武汉分公司1#催化裂化装置中三台冷却器的鼓泡原因,结果表明导致设备出现氢鼓泡的最主要原因是冷却器材质中含有大量的硫化锰夹杂物,而磷偏析加速了氢致开裂的速度。在此基础上,以有限元分析为手段,从断裂力学的角度研究了氢鼓泡裂纹的扩展规律。结果表明氢鼓泡裂纹的应力强度因子与裂纹长度、裂纹形状(椭圆率)、裂纹深度及鼓泡内部氢压有关,且KI对氢鼓泡裂纹扩展起主要作用；另外,以KI为评价指标,本文进一步分析了各种条件下氢鼓泡裂纹扩展时的临界氢压；最后,本文采用可视化程序VB对ANSYS的计算过程进行了二次开发,使氢鼓泡问题的工程分析更为灵活、方便,具有一定实用性。本文的研究成果对于石化设备的长期安全运行及氢鼓泡问题具有一定的工程价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 16MnR steel is one of the most popular materials used in petrochemical industry due to its relatively low price and good overall performance. However, hydrogen bubble failure usually occurs when 16MnR is used in wet hydrogen-sulfide environment, which results in partial destruction of equipments, and then leads to major security-related incidents. Therefore, the investigation on the hydrogen blistering is pretty significant in practical engineering. The hydrogen blistering problems can actually be considered as fracture mechanics in terms of the growing process of the bubble always accompanying with the crack propagation.This paper analyzes the hydrogen blistering reasons of the three coolers in the 1# catalytic and fragmental equipment of the Wuhan branch of SINOPEC Corp firstly, the results indicate that the main reason leading hydrogen blistering is that the material of the cooler contains large amount of sulfur manganese, and phosphoric partial accelerates the speed of the hydrogen induced cracking. On this basis, using the finite element analysis, researching the law of the hydrogen blistering crack extension with the method of fracture mechanics. The results indicate that the stress intensity factor of the hydrogen blistering crack is relational with the crack length、the shape of an ellipse(the ratio of the ellipse)、the crack depth and the inner hydrogen pressure, and the K(?) plays a main role during the crack extension of hydrogen blistering; in addition, using K(?) as a evaluate index, the paper shows a further analysis of the critical hydrogen under various conditions for hydrogen blistering crack extension; Finally, the visualization program VB is used to make a second development to the ANSYS calculation program, which making the project analysis of the hydrogen blistering more flexible and convenient, owning some practicability. The study of this paper brings some project value for the long-term safe operation and hydrogen blistering problem of petrified equipments.更多还原