【作者】 周华；

【导师】 黄学贤；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 法律， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 在现代社会,作为民主理论和基本人权理论发展—政府信息公开已成为世界各国政府、公众在行政公开制度乃至行政程序法律制度建设方面所努力追求的目标。政府信息公开制度的价值在于保障公众的知情权和优化服务型政府。法谚有云“无救济无权利”,政府信息公开救济制度的重要意义在于排除不法行为,维护公众合法权益;增加政府行政行为透明度,打造阳光政府;保障知情权,促进政府决策科学化、民主化。2008年5月1日,《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》正式施行,这是我国行政体制改革的延续和升华,标志着我国迈入政府信息公开的行列。二年多来,政府信息公开法律救济对于依法促进政府信息公开,维护公民知情权和监督权发挥了积极作用,但是也应该看到,与国外先进的救济制度相比仍有很大的差距和不足。本文在总结政府信息公开救济制度基本理论的基础上,分析我国政府信息公开救济制度的现状和困境,围绕目前存在的不足之处,采用比较研究的方法,对国外政府信息公开救济制度进行具体分析,有的放矢地提出完善我政府信息公开救济制度的建议。全文共分为四章。第一章“政府信息公开救济制度基本理论”,阐述了政府信息公开制度和政府信息公开救济制度的相关理论,指出救济制度的三个基础理论。第二章“我国信息公开救济制度的现状评析”,通过《政府信息公开条例》实施现状的分析,指出了我国救济制度存在的问题,主要表现在立法缺陷、救济制度自身缺陷和陈旧思想观念三大方面。第三章“外国政府信息公开救济制度的比较分析”,对国外信息公开救济中的行政复议、行政诉讼、独立的信息委员会制度、独立信息专员制度、信息裁判所制度进行深入探讨,综合比较分析后,从中得到对于完善我国信息公开救济制度的启示。第四章“完善我国政府信息公开救济制度的思考”是全文论述的重点,在前三部分基础之上提出完善我国政府信息公开救济制度的建议。具体而言分为三个方面,在法律制度方面建议:确立知情权的宪法地位、加快制定政府信息公开法、明确政府信息公开实体法内容;在行政复议制度方面建议:扩大行政复议范围、建立行政救济前置制度、完善行政复议程序;建立信息公开委员会;在司法救济方面建议:宽泛原告资格、确立秘密审查原则、强化被告举证责任、构建反信息公开诉讼制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, government information publicity, or the Governmental Information Disclosure(hereinaftered referred to as“GID”) has been the goal that governments and the public around the world striving for in constructing the systems of administrative openness and administrative procedure. As the evolution of democracy and basic civil rights, government information publicity is established to protect the citizen’s right to know as well as optimize the service- typed government. The law proverb said,“No Remedy, No Right”,GID is significant for obviating illegal act, safeguarding lawful rights and interests of the public, standardizing the administrative action of the government, protecting of the right to know and improving scientific and democratic decision-making mechanisms. As a milestone in our administrative system reform,Governmental Information Disclosure Ordinance of the People Republic of China was come into force on May 1st, 2008, which means the formal establishment of government information publicity in our country. During last two years, the remedy to GID has been actually strengthened and the citizen’s right to know and right to supervise have been obviously safeguarded as well. However, it should be soberly realized that the legal relief system in our country is still insufficient comparing with that in foreign countries. The present study is aimed to summarize the basic theory of the remedy to GID, point out the current situation and the predicament in our country, and then, raise some pertinent suggestions about improving the relief system based on the experiences abroad.This article is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter,“The basic theory of the remedy to GID”, it elaborates the theory of government information publicity system and government information publicity relief system, while show the three elementary theory of the relief system. The second chapter,“Commentary on current situation of the remedy to GID”, analyses the implementation of“The Decree of Government Information Openness”, through which shows the mainly problems in our relief system. In general, it is attributed to the defects in legislation, relief system self and the outdated concept.The third chapter,“Comparatively analysis on the GID remedies of Foreign Countries”, further discusses the details in foreign relief system, learned from which to improve our governmental information publicity relief system.The final chapter,“The opinion of improving our governmental information publicity relief system”, is the central part of this study. It sums up the former chapters and raises some advices on improving our governmental information publicity relief system. Specifically, there are three types of advices. On aspect of legal system, laying down the right to know in the Constitution, promptly formulating and confirming the content of the law on governmental information publicity are required. On aspect of administrative reexamination system, suggestions are in respect of extending the range of administrative reexamination, establishing administrative remedy preceding system, perfecting the process of administrative reexamination and founding the information publicity council. On aspect of judicial relief, advices refer to relaxing the plaintiff qualification, establishing the principle of clandestine investigation, strengthening defendant’s responsibility for quoting evidence and establishing the litigation system against counteracting information publicity.更多还原