【作者】 高翔；

【导师】 翁正新； 罗小青；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 控制工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文根据离心机控制系统的实际需要,进行了离心机驱动电机及电路选取设计、模糊PID控制器设计、控制系统仿真研究、人机界面设计四个方面的内容。离心机的高速旋转通过电机及其驱动电路来完成。作为控制系统的动力源,驱动电机型号的选取,PWM功率放大器的搭建将在本文的开始进行介绍。PID控制因为具有操作简单、稳定性好、可靠性高等优点,而成为当今工业控制领域最通用的方式。但随着工业的发展,对象的复杂程度不断加深。尤其是那些大滞后、时变的、非线性的复杂系统,其中有的参数未知或缓慢变化;有的带有延时或随机干扰;有的无法获得较精确的数学模型或模型非常粗糙。常规PID控制的缺陷逐渐暴露出来。通过将模糊控制和PID控制两者结合,使控制系统不但具有模糊控制鲁棒性强的优点,又具有PID控制精度高的特点。在本文的控制器设计部分,将介绍模糊PID控制器设计方法。Simulink是MATLAB最重要的组件之一,它提供一个动态系统建模、仿真和综合分析的集成环境。Simulink提供了一个建立模型方块图的图形用户接口,仿真模型的创建只需单击和拖动鼠标就可以完成,用户可以立即看到系统的仿真结果。在本文控制系统仿真研究部分,将介绍在Simulink下进行建模,并仿真分析使用普通数字PID的控制系统和使用模糊PID的控制系统在控制效果上的区别。人机交互界面是离心机控制系统的重要组成部分。其中包括电机的启动、停止,转速的增加减少等操作按钮;还有转速曲线,加速度曲线等监控图表;以及报警灯等装置。LABVIEW是一种图形化的编程语言,使用这种语言编程时,基本不写程序代码,取而代之的是流程图。在本文人机界面设计部分,将介绍使用LABVIEW进行前后面板设计,以及信号采集系统的建立。更多还原

【Abstract】 The precise centrifugal machine is the important testing machine which is used to standardize the sluggishness of accelerometer as well as testing the performance and experiment of g-meter in its whole range. According to the actual necessity of the centrifugal machine’s control system, the article hereafter introduces four general parts as: the actuator motor of centrifugal machine and the design of its electrical circuit choice, the design of fuzzy PID control instrument, the artificial research of control system and the design of man-machine interface.The centrifugal machine can realize high-speed revolve is thanks to the electric motor and its driving electrical circuit. Choosing the correct style of driving electrical motor, the overlap of PWM station amplifier which is considered as the power supply of control system will be instructed hereafter in detail.PID control now becomes the most usual method in the control industrial field because of its distinguished advantages such as easy operation, nice stability and high reliability. However, as the development of industry, the object becomes more and more complicated, especially as those huge stagnation, time-varying and nonlinearity system, among which some parameters are unknown or changing slowly, some are delayed or stochastic disturbance, some can not even acquire the precise mathematical model or the model seems quite rough. Therefore, the general PID control increasingly exposes its deficiencies. Comparing, the fuzzy PID control instrument perfectly connects the robustness of fuzzy control with the high precision of PID control.Hereafter in this article’s control instrument design section will introduce the design of fuzzy PID control instrument.Simulink is one of the important components of Matlab, which provides one dynamic systematic model as well as one artificial and complex analysis integrated circumstance. Simulink supplies the user interface for establishing square module chart. By single point and driving mouse, the artificial model can be established and the user can see the system’s artificial result at once.Man-machine interface is also one important part of centrifugal machine’s control system. It includes the button of motor’s starts and stops, rotation’s increase and decrease, the supervise chart of rotation and accelerating curve, and some appliances such as alarming light. Labview is one graphical programming language which just uses the flow chart instead of the program code. Hereafter in the man-machine interface design section of this article, it will detail introduce how to design the front and rear panel and how to establish the signal collection system with Labview更多还原