【作者】 王丽萍；

【导师】 刘占良；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 纺织是历史悠久的传统产业,纺织品在国际贸易中占有重要地位,纺织品的出口更是我国创收外汇的重要源泉。改革开放以来,我国的纺织工业总产值以平均年增长13%的速度高速发展,主要纺织产品产量和生产能力均居世界首位,我国已经成为名副其实的纺织品生产大国。但是我国某些纺织机械的自动化水平较低,如本文研究的传统的马尾布织布机作为马尾布生产的纺织机械,生产马尾布时需要人工分离马尾,生产效率较低,产品成本较高。为此,企业迫切需要将传统马尾织布机改为自动化设备,这就使得设计和研制一种自动分尾装置具有现实的应用价值。针对国内外自动分尾装置存在不能精确分离马尾的不足,作者设计开发了一种新型自动分尾装置—钩针式分尾装置。首先对马尾原料的物理机械性能进行了研究,通过对马尾毛直径的测量得出了马尾毛头部和尾部的直径大小差异规律。马尾原料物理机械性能的这些特点,帮助我们找到了分离马尾的方法并提出了马尾织布机分离马尾的总体改造方案,进而依据此改造方案设计并制造了这一新型分尾装置—钩针式分尾装置。本文介绍了分尾装置的结构和工作原理,为配合分尾装置完成分尾,在原有马尾织布机的基础上,还设计了存放马尾的马尾盒和抓放尾控制机构,并对原马尾布织机夹取马尾的织布梭进行了改造。实践证明该分尾装置结构简单,对原传统马尾织布机改动少,并基本实现了分离马尾的功能。为使这一新型分尾装置达到更好的分尾效果,对影响装置性能的因素进行了理论分析,并将该分尾装置及其辅助部分安装在传统马尾织布机上进行了正交试验,以空根数作为实验指标,得出影响空根率主要的影响因素依次为:钩针的槽结构、马尾盒内对马尾向下的压力、钩针插入马尾盒长度、马尾伸出马尾盒长度。根据正交试验得到了最优因素组合下空根率为5%。为找寻主要工作部件钩针的结构参数,应用蒙特卡洛模拟法进行了模拟实验,在空根率一定的条件下,以重根率为目标,对不同的钩槽结构参数组合进行了模拟优化。得到了空根率为零时,重根率最低的钩针钩槽最佳结构参数为α=630、β=780,此时重根率为11.86%。实验还表明随空根率的增加,重根率降低。根据理论分析和实验,该装置工作性能尚不能达到分尾装置的技术指标:空根率<0.2%,多根率<0.5%,主要原因是马尾直径分布过于分散。更多还原

【Abstract】 The industry of textile has a long history in China, and it is significant in our international trade, which takes a large proportion of the foreign exchange. Since the reform and open policy, the total value of textile out-put increases by 13% every year, taking the lead in the world. It is safe to say that China is a large producing country of textile. However, in our country, the automatic level of the textile machinery is very low, taking the traditional Masson fabric loom for instance, which is mentioned in this thesis; it troubles people to separate the horsetail, and it is lack of efficiency while with the high cost. Thus, the automatic equipment for horsetail separating is pressingly needed to replace the traditional Masson fabric loom, and therefore, it is practically significant to design and develop the automatic equipment for solving the problem of separating horsetail.The author, in this thesis, designs and develops a newly automatic equipment- crochet style end device in order to separate the horsetail accurately.First, this thesis makes a research on the physical and mechanical property of the horsetail material, and measures the diameter of the horsetail, arriving at the difference regulation between the upper part and the underneath of the horsetail. We investigate the method of separating the horsetail, put forward the general alteration scheme, and design and fabricate the newly automatic equipment- crochet style end device.This thesis makes a detailed introduction of the structure and the operation principle of the separating horsetail equipment, designs horsetail box and horsetail controllers. The author also makes a reconstruction of the gripper heads based on the traditional Masson fabric loom, and introduces their structures and their functions.It is proved that the automatic equipment is comparably structurally simple and less altered, realizing by and large the function of separating the horsetail.The paper makes a theoretic analysis of the factors influencing the equipment property, and makes the orthogonal experiment of the device and its ancillary part. It is proved, taking the empty root number as the indicator, that the influencing factors on the empty root ratio are: manger construction of the crochet hook, the pressure of the horsetail box on the horsetail, the length of the crochet hook inserting the horsetail, the length of horsetail reaching out of the horsetail. From the orthogonal test, we can see the empty root ratio is 5% under the optimal combination of factors.In order to find parts for the main structural parameters of crochet, using Monte Carlo simulation to simulate experiments, in the empty root ratio certain conditions, was the target, different combinations of structural parameters of hook slot simulation optimization. Obtain empty root ratio was zero, optimal crochet hook slot structure parameters of the lowest many root ratio isα=630、β=780 , then many root ratio is 11.86%. Experiments also showed that the rate of increase with the empty root ratio, many root ratio decreased.According to the theoretical analysis and experimental results, the device performance can not reach sub-end device specifications: empty root rate <0.2% ,many root ratio <0.5%, main reason is diameter distribution too dispersion.更多还原