【作者】 王立军；

【导师】 焦斌；

【作者基本信息】 华东理工大学 ， 控制科学与工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 当今世界的能源结构,仍是以化石能源为主。随着科学技术的不断进步,核能等新兴能源也不断进入了人类生活的各个领域,但从整体来看,石油等依然是人类主要的能源来源。风能具有清洁、可重复利用、无污染的特点,在当前提倡可持续发展的情况下,大力发展风能具有极大的经济和社会效益。目前,世界各国都在大力开展对风力发电技术的研究。本文从建模和变桨距控制技术两个角度对风力发电机组进行了研究,以提高风力发电机组的发电效率和发电质量。对风力发电机组的建模进行了论述,模型包括风速、风轮、传动系统和发电机的模型,并将各个子模型组合,得到风力发电系统的非线性模型,以描述风力发电系统的动态行为。对控制器的设计进行了初步探讨,为后续章节控制器的设计提供了经验和依据,同时也为不同控制器的控制效果的比较提供了依据。将模糊控制和滑模变结构控制相结合,提出了滑模变结构控制方法,该方法既保持了模糊控制不需要数学模型的优点,又保持了滑模变结构控制能够降低系统阶次简化控制系统复杂度的优点。更重要的是,将模糊控制与滑模变结构控制相结合,减轻或避免了一般滑模控制所具有的抖振现象。针对风力发电机组的变桨距控制,采用所提出的模糊滑模变结构控制方法,对所提出的控制系统进行了仿真,通过对仿真结果的分析,说明了设计的变桨距控制系统可以满足风力发电机组在高风速的状况下保持输出功率的稳定。另外,基于神经网络控制,将神经网络和滑模变结构控制相结合,进一步提出了神经网络滑模变结构控制器,验证了智能控制在风力发电机组控制中应用的可行性。经仿真验证,该方案具有较好的性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the decrease and pollution of traditional nature resource of energy, the exploitation of new energy appears more emergent. Wind power is provided with cleanness, pollution-free and sustainable use, so it gets more and more attention. Wind power generation is the main form of use of wind, it plays an important role in changing energy structure and improving enviroment.Wind has the characteristics of low energy density, randomness and instability, and wind turbine is a system with multivariable, nonlinearity and uncertainty. To raise the utilization effiency and prolong the machine life, more researches are conducted all over the world. The tendency of wind turbine is:the unit capacity is still increasing; the control mode evolutes from fixed pitch stall-controlled mode to variable pitch. Now more researches concentrate on pitch control, generator control and grid-connection control. To raise the generated energy and generation effieccy, this article studies the variable pitch control of wind turbine.Build the sub-model of all parts of wind power generation system, inclueding wind model, transmission system model and generator model. The wind generation system nonlinear model can be obtained by combining all sub-models, the dynamic behaviour can be described.To improve the flexibility of transmission system and maintain the output power of wind turbine stablity in the conditon of high wind, a fuzzy sliding mode variable control is proposed by combining fuzzy control and sliding control by studying the characteristic of wind and wind turbine. It not only keeps the advantage of fuzzy control that doesn’t need to build model but also can reduce the system order to simplify the complexity of control system which is shown in sliding control. In addition, combining fuzzy control and fuzzy control can weaken buffeting.Adopting the method of fuzzy sliding mode variable control, a simulation on wind turbine is conducted for the variable pitch control. The simulation results indicate that the control scheme can meet the demand.Moreover, a neural network sliding mode control is proposed and the simulation results show that the controller still has good performance.更多还原