【作者】 陈涛；

【导师】 莫测辉；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 环境工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 水环境中抗生素污染及其潜在的生态危害已经引起国内外的广泛关注。污水处理厂是抗生素及其代谢物进入水环境的重要途径,因为现有的污水处理工艺不能有效地去除抗生素,大量的抗生素经过污水处理厂出水进入到环境中。本文首先采用固相萃取(SPE)-高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分析了广州市3座城市污水处理厂进出水中磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素共10个化合物的含量特征,并探讨其去除效果和环境排放量。结果表明,进水和出水中磺胺类抗生素总含量分别为3591.9～7782.5 ng·L-1和2216.6～3591.9 ng·L-1,喹诺酮类抗生素总含量分别为1539.4～2700.2 ng·L-1。和1284.4～5080.1 ng·L-1。单个化合物的检出率在37.5～97.5%,其中磺胺类抗生素以SMT、SM2和SM1为主,喹诺酮类抗生素以CIP和LOM为主。磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素的最高去除率分别为69.2%和27.2%,环境排放量分别为487.7～1512.3g·d-1和329.3～1117.6 g·d-1。采用固相萃取(SPE)-液相色谱／串联质谱(LC-MS)法分析了珠海市7座污水处理厂进出水中20种常用抗生素水平、去除特点及环境排放量,其中包括8种磺胺类、4种喹诺酮类、4种大环内酯类和4种四环素类抗生素。结果显示,除了金霉素(CTC)和泰乐菌素(TYL)在进出水中均未检出,以及磺胺噻唑(ST)、磺胺甲基嘧啶(SMR)和磺胺间二甲氧基嘧啶(SDM)检出率较低外,其它抗生素检出率均较高。进水中抗生素的检出率为45.2～100%,检出的平均含量为3.3～1092.4 ng·L-1；出水中抗生素的检出率为48.4～100%,检出的平均含量为3.9～804.3 ng·L-1。抗生素在污水厂中去除率普遍偏低,最高去除率为75.61%。各污水厂抗生素的环境排放量在8.07～49.61 g·d-1之间。更多还原

【Abstract】 The contaminations of antibiotics in aquatic environment and their potential ecologieal risks have drawn the domestice and oversea increasing concerns. Since the compounds are not fully eliminated in the treatment processes now,the antibiotics and their metabolites are transported to the aquatic environment via municipal Sewage Treatment Plants(STP).Occurrence of ten selected sulfonamides and fluroquinolone antibiotics were screened at three sewage treatment plants (STPs) inGuangzhou by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sum content of sulfonamides(ΣSAs) antibiotics in raw influent and final effluent from the three STPs ranged from 3591.9 to 7782.5ng/L and from 2216.6 to 3591.9ng/L. respectively, and the sum content of fluroquinolone antibiotics(ΣFQs) were from 1539.4 to 2700.2ng/L in influent and from 1284.4 to 5080.1ng/L in effluent. The detected frequency of individual antibiotics ranged from 37.5%to 97.5%. SMT,SM2,SM1 and CIP,LOM accounted for a dominant proportion of the sum content of sulfonamide antibiotics and fluroquinolone antibiotics respectively. Antibiotics can not be removed completely at three STPs. The daily environmental loads (the sum of the amount in the final effluent) ofΣSAs andΣFQs at the three STPs were found ranging from 487.7 to 1512.3g/d and 329.3 to 1117.6g/d..20 commonly used antibiotics, including 8 kinds of sulfonamides,4 kinds of quinolones,4 kinds of macrolides and 4 kinds of tetracyclines, in influents and effluents were analysed by using solid phase extraction(SPE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS), Results showed that, chlortetracycline (CTC) and tylosin (TYL) were not detected in all the influents and effluents, sulfathiazole (ST), sulfamethyldiazine (SMR) and sulfadimethoxin (SDM) only in some wastewater treatment plant are detected, the other antibiotics were detected at different levels. The average concentration detected in influents and effluents ranged from 3.3 to 1092.4ng/L and 3.9-804.3ng/L,respectively. The detected rate of varies antibiotics in influents and effluents ranged from 45.2% to 100% and 48.4%-100%. The daily import amount of antibiotics from individual sewage treatment plant to surface water environment in Zhuhai ranged from 8.07g/d to 49.61g/d, while the sum of the antibiotics import from STPs to environment reached to 136.38g/d. Antibiotics in the influent of STPs can not be removed completely, the removal rate is generally low, the maximum removal rate was 75.61%.更多还原