【作者】 王琳；

【导师】 毕雪梅；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 1865年英国人将足球传入南美洲,英国人在南美足球的早期发展中影响很大。足球扎根于南美后,便被南美人赋予了独特的魅力。如今,足球已成为南美洲的文化标签。本文研究的是具有后殖民文化色彩的南美足球运动,从文化的视角,沿着南美足球的发展和演变过程,对南美足球运动进行深入的分析,以此来展现南美人是如何将这项风靡全球的运动与自身的文化特性相结合,而形成了独具特色的文化现象。而足球文化的发生、发展和变化离不开大众传媒,其是在大众传媒的引导下形成的。南美足球的发展历程就是南美足球不断被大众媒体创新和解释的过程。通过对已有相关文献的研读,本文结合南美足球发展的大背景将南美足球的发展分为四个历史阶段,分别为南美足球发展的初创期、辉煌期、整合期和新时期。并根据恩格斯“文化即人化”的观点,选取南美足球的组织管理、球员、技战术、大众对足球的态度、足球与政治的特殊关系五个角度论述南美足球文化。将这五个南美足球文化变化和发展的因素置于南美足球发展的历程中,并与大众媒介相结合,论述南美足球文化的发展变化历程,并讨论大众媒介在其中发挥的作用,实现纵向和横向的结合。通过研究表明：南美足球的初创期,西方足球文化开始渗透进南美,足球从精英向大众传播,出现球员外流,足协和足球俱乐部出现裂痕,这些都使职业化出现萌芽。在纸质媒体普及后足球的快速传播中,南美足球技术风格初现,大众对足球的态度发生变化,政府开始通过扶持足球凝聚民心。南美足球的辉煌期,西方足球文化渗透入南美后,南美人在自身文化寻求中正式形成职业化足球,俱乐部从中受益,球员发生动荡,足球技战术成型。南美人的放荡不羁导致球场暴力爆发。南美独裁统治通过鼓励足球的发展实现国家和谐和民族团结。南美足球的整合期,南美开始与欧洲进行频繁的足球文化交流,并保持着自身的特点。混乱的管理使足协和俱乐部问题频出。媒体开始打造球星,电视作为视听兼备的媒介使得南美与欧洲在技术上的交流快速实现。球迷俱乐部出现。媒体开始利用足球与政治的特殊关系增加销量。南美足球的新时期,足球全球化伴随着足球商业化而来,足球腐败盛行,更多南美球员流入到欧洲赛场。世界足球技术出现大融合。足球也已经成为南美人的一种生活态度和生活方式。媒体监督作用的发挥最终促使政府采取措施解决足球腐败问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The British introduced football to South America in 1865, British had great influence on the early development of South American football. Football rooted in South America, it has been given a unique charm, now, and football has become the label of culture of South America. This paper is the study of South American football culture as a post-colonial culture. The purpose of this paper is from cultural perspective, along the development and the evolution of the South American football, in-depth analysis to show South American people how to turn this popular sport around the world with its own cultural identity combining, and form a unique cultural phenomenon. The occurrence, development and change of the football culture are inseparable from the mass media, which is formed under the guidance of the mass media. The development process of South American football is the process of mass media innovation and continuous interpretation.Through reading the relevant literature, this paper bases on the background of the development of South American football, divided into four historical periods of South American football, namely the start-up period of the development of football in South America, brilliant period, integration period and the new period. According to Engels, "culture is the people of culture", and select South American football organization and management, players, skills and tactics, the public’s attitude toward football, football and politics, discusses the five culture factors of South American football. Place these five South American football culture factors in the development of South American football history, combined with the mass media, discuss the development and changes of South American football culture, and discuss the mass media’s role in this process. Finally achieving vertical and horizontal combination. The research shows that start-up period of South American football, western culture began to infiltrate into the South American football. Football from elite to mass, players’outflows, football Association and football club cracks, which are professional bud. After the popularity of paper-based media, and the rapid spread of South American football, the style of football there appeared, the mass change attitude on the football, the government began to rally public support through enabling football. Brilliant period of South American football, Western cultural infiltration into the South America football, South American in the process of their own culture seeking, formed professional football. The club benefit from professional, the turbulence players, football technical and tactical shape. Bohemian led to outbreak of violence in the playgrounds. South America’s dictatorship, by encouraging the development of football to achieve national harmony and national unity. Integration period of South American football, South America and Europe began to exchanges football culture frequently and South America maintain their own characteristics. Chaotic management has accelerated the football association and clubs problems. The media began to create football stars, television as audio-visual media, accelerate the exchange of South America and Europe in technology. Fan clubs come there. The media started to use the special relationship between football and politics to increase sales. New era of South American football, football globalization along with football commercialization, football corruption is endemic. More players enter into the stadium of Europe. The world’s integration of techniques and tactics of football is coming. South American football has become a kind of attitude towards life and lifestyle. The supervisory role of the media prompted the government to take measures to solve the problem of corruption.更多还原