【作者】 朱炜；

【导师】 濮德璋；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 社会主义新农村建设是全面建设小康社会、全面落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的重要组成部分,是进一步推进农村的改革和发展、统筹城乡协调发展的需要,也是党的宗旨的根本体现。改革开放30年来,我国通过多种措施在消除贫困方面取得了举世瞩目的成就,但因我国正处于社会经济转型的特殊时期,贫困问题仍然是我国较为严重的社会问题,成为建设和谐社会的巨大障碍。四川是我国的人口大省,区域差别大,农村贫困问题更加突出。其中,偏远的彝族聚居地区——凉山彝族自治州的贫困面更大,贫困程度更严重,贫困的原因更复杂,是集“自然、生态、经济、社会和文化传统”于一体的综合性的深度贫困。贫困问题一直是困扰凉山社会发展的头等难题,反贫困自然也就成为了凉山地区“新农村建设”的首要任务。“科教扶贫”是促进凉山贫困地区经济发展和社会进步的根本途径,是群众摆脱愚昧落后和脱贫致富的关键所在,是最具有战略意义的治本之策。经济学意义上的仅让贫困人口解决温饱的要求是远远不够的,只有把贫困地区的教育真正搞上去,提高贫困人口的智力文化水平和技能,把贫困地区经济增长点转移到依靠科技进步和提高劳动者素质的轨道上来,才能从根本上解决凉山地区的贫困问题。“科教扶贫”决不只是“科技扶贫”的翻版,更不只是“科教兴国”的简单延伸,它有着特定的操作程序和丰富的内涵。“科教扶贫”就是要讲科学和用科学,“治穷先治愚,扶贫先扶志”是“科教扶贫”的新思路。强调科技扶贫、教育扶贫、产业化扶贫、劳务扶贫和NGO参与式扶贫等在整个扶贫工作中的重要性和不可替代性。笔者欲结合在凉山地区贫困农村的实地调研,在回顾凉山地区政府反贫困历史与考察贫困现实的基础上,结合特定时期民族地区发展要求与发展内涵,借鉴和分析现有研究成果,评估和反思凉山地区的社会发展与扶贫实践,深入分析其贫困的特殊性和解决道路的差异性,着重从“科教扶贫”的角度来重新审视和研究其贫困和反贫困问题,对凉山地区政府反贫困研究实践补充与完善,此项研究具有很大的理论意义和实际价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Building a new socialist countryside is the most important part of comprehensive construction well-off society, Implement the scientific outlook on development, the construction of harmonious society, it is also the need of improving the reform and development of villages, and the balance development of urban and rural, and still the reflection of Party aim.Thirty years past since the Reform and Opening Up, our nation possesses world attention achievements in poverty alleviation through various methods. However, our nation stays on the special stage of transition of society and economy, poverty is still the most serious social problem, it becomes the huge obstacle of construction harmonious society. Sichuan is a big capital in the west, having a large population, obvious different between every region, village poverty is more prominent. Hereinto, the faraway Yi nationality settlement—Yi autonomous prefecture of Liangshan, is a poverty area that high coverage, deep poor, and comprehensive reasons, so it could be called one comprehensive poverty revolves’nature, ecology, economy, society, and traditional culture’. Poverty is always the top difficult problem that perplexes the social development of Liangshan, counter-poverty is rightful the first task of new socialist countryside construction of Liangshan region.’Poverty alleviation through science and education’is fundamental way to improve the development of economy and society of poor Liangshan region, it is also the vital that residents break away from ignorant and backward and turning to rich, that’s the most significant strategy on effecting a permanent cure. It is far from the economic meaning that merely helping the poor become rich, so long as the improvement of education in poor area, to change the education level and skill ability, turning the increase economic point to science progress and labor’s inner quality, it can’t resolve the poverty problem in Liangshan region.’Poverty alleviation through science and education’will be never the reprint of’Poverty alleviation through science’, nor be a simple extending of’Rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation’; it owns special procedure and plentiful intension.’Poverty alleviation through science and education’ means applying science and using science. A new thinking is’ahead of backward alleviation is governing ignorant:ahead of poverty alleviation is bringing one’s will’, it emphasizes that poverty alleviation should be through science, education, industrialization and labor skill (training) etc. all above can’t be substituted for.The author wants to combine the investigation on the spot of Liangshan poverty rural area, to review the history of local government governing on counter-poverty and the information that researches reflected, and even think of nation’s different development requirement and connotation in particular period, through summarizing, concluding, permeating and deep probing the research gains, all-around access and think back present poverty alleviation in Liangshan area, penetrate deeply analyze particularity and otherness of poverty, stress the new angle of’Poverty alleviation through science and education’to survey poverty and counter-poverty, so the thesis undoubtedly supplies and completes the counter-poverty research in Liangshan area, and possesses substantial theory significances and practice value.更多还原