当前我国食品行业政府规制研究

【作者】 王永强；

【导师】 黄维民；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 行政管理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,我国食品行业屡次暴露出危机,严重影响人民的日常生活,建立完备的食品安全体系势在必行。本文应用政府规制理论,基于经济人假设,将政府规制分成食品进入市场前和食品进入市场后两个阶段,试图从中央政府、地方政府、企业、消费者之间的博弈来对相关利益主体进行分析,推导出利益相关方进行博弈时形成的纳什均衡,从利益的角度阐述产生食品安全问题的根源。通过运用博弈论对各个利益相关主体的利益关系进行分析后得出：在食品行业的政府规制中,中央政府对地方政府进行考核的一个指标是地方GDP的增长,因而会形成地方政府为了维持GDP增长而保护地方企业的行为；基于经济人的假设,地方政府保护本地的企业概率如果偏高,则会形成企业对于地方政府的行贿,就会出现地方政府部门寻租现象的出现；由于政府部门工作人员寻租的可能性,会形成消费者和食品生产厂家对于食品的信息的不对称,加上食品生产厂家可能通过虚假广告宣传以及不完善的食品代言人制度,最终会使消费者购买到劣质的食品。本文在借鉴发达国家先进经验的基础上,尝试通过建立完善的食品安全信息网络以及数据库来消除信息不对称问题；建立灵活多变的政府绩效评估体系对地方政府进行绩效评估；通过食品安全信息网络来完善我国的食品召回制度；通过食品安全网络以及相关法律法规的完善来切实保护消费者的权益。建立我国完善的食品安全体系不是一朝一夕能够完成的,需要我国从中央政府到地方政府、从国家公务工作人员到普通老百姓的共同努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, China’s food industry has repeatedly exposed the crisis. The issues of food safety not only affect the individual’s healthy body and even one’s life, but also can lead to economic chaos, it is imperative to establish a comprehensive system of food safety.In the author’s thesis, government regulation theory will be divided into two phases: food to enter the market before and after the food to enter the market, based on the broker’s assumption. This thesis tries to analyze the relevant stakeholder and get the Nash equilibrium in the process of introducing the relevant stakeholder from the central government, local governments, enterprises, and consumers of the game. And it also states the root causes of food problems from the perspective of the interests.By using the game theory to analyze the subject of various stakeholder interests, it concludes:first, in the government regulation of food industry, the local GDP growth is an indicator for the central government to assess local government, in order to maintain the GDP growth of the local government, leading to the conduct of protecting local enterprises; second, in the light of the broker’s assumption, if the probability of local governments protecting local businesses is high, it will bring about the bribery of local businesses and a phenomenon of rent-seeking of local government; third, the possibility of rent-seeking will make consumers and food manufactures form food information asymmetry, combing food manufactures may adopt false advertising and an imperfect spokesman system of food safety, which will make consumers buy the low-quality food.According to the advanced experience of developed countries, this thesis attempts to improve food safety by the establishment of information networks and databases, eliminating the information asymmetry problem; the establishment of flexible government performance evaluation system of local government performance evaluation; improving China’s food recall-system through the food safety information networks; effectively protecting consumers’ interests by the food safety information networks and the improvement of relevant laws and regulations.The establishment of China’s perfect food safety system is not the work of a single day, requiring our country from the central government to local governments, from government functionary to the joint efforts of ordinary people.更多还原