【作者】 曹阿翔；

【导师】 何方；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 耕地地力评价就是利用测土配方施肥调查数据,以及第二次土壤普查的空间数据和属性数据,对研究区域的耕地地力分等定级;从而对耕地资源的现状、存在的问题给予实时、准确的报告并提出改良利用措施;对合理利用现有的耕地资源,治理或修复退化、沙化以及受污染的土壤提供科学依据;为农业决策者、基层农业技术人员和农民提供决策支持,保障我国农业持续发展。因此,开展耕地地力评价工作,具有十分重要的意义。本项目来源于农业部的“测土配方施肥项目”。本研究以固镇县为例,按照国家规定的层次分析法完成该县的耕地地力评价工作。利用ArcGIS9.0和MapGIS7.0等GIS软件作为空间数据处理工具,在Excel、Access数据统计分析等应用软件中处理属性数据,借助于扬州县域耕地资源管理信息系统,最后完成了该县的耕地地力评价项目。同时又采用了主成分分析法对该区域进行了评价,从而比较两种方法得到结果的不同点并进行分析,期望得到淮北平原地区适用的耕地地力评价方法。主成分分析法是多元统计分析中的一种常用方法。它是数学上处理降维的一种方法,它的基本思想就是设法将原来众多具有一定相关性的指标(比如p个指标),重新组合成一组新的相互无关的综合指标来代替原来指标,同时根据需要从中选取几个较少的综合指标尽可能多地反映原来指标的信息。本文选用主成分分析法并借助于SPSS软件对该县的耕地地力情况进行了评价。最后通过用产量来校验两种方法的评价结果,对区域变化比较以及面积对比可以看出,层次分析法得到的评价结果在区域分布上与产量图的拟合度明显高于主成分分析法。在耕地地力等级面积上,层次分析法的评价结果也与实际产量划分地力等级的面积比较接近。由此可以得出,目前全国普遍用于耕地地力评价的层次分析法比较适用于淮北平原地区的耕地地力评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 land fertility evaluation job is to take advantage of formula fertilization by soil testing survey data and the second soil general survey of spatial data and attribute data, to classify the land fertility of research area; And to report promptly and accurately the problems of land resource; to rationally utilize land resource and provide basis for governing and repairing soil of deterioration, desertification and pollution; And to provide decision support for agricultural decision maker, basic agricultural technicians and peasants, to guarantee sustainable development of our agriculture. Therefore, developing land fertility evaluation job, is of great significance.This project came from ministry of agriculture project of“formula fertilization by soil testing”. This research taked Guzhen county as an example, which located in Huaibei plain in Anhui. We firstly according to regulation by ministry of agriculture of analytic hierarchy process to complete this evaluation work. Taked advantage of GIS software such as ArcGIS 9.0 and MapGIS 7.0 and so on as a spatial analysis, in Excel and Access applying software processed attribute data. By means of land resource management information system of Yangzhou, finally completed this project.At the same time we used principal component analysis to evaluate the study area. Thus compared of the results of these two methods and to analyzed the reason, to attain the most suitable method for Huaibei plain areas.principal component analysis is a common method of multivariate statistical analysis, which is a mathematical method that dealing with dimension reduction, the basic idea of which is to try out to many definite correlation indexes(such as has P indexes), recombining a new group of independent comprehensive indexes to take place of original indexes, at the same time according to requires, choosed fewer comprehensive indexes to reflect original indexes’information. This paper used this principal component analysis and by means of SPSS, to evaluate the study area’s land fertility. ultimately compared with two results and analyzed the result. the results showed that, analytic hierarchy process was better than principal component analysis, that’s because the former was systemic, the result was more close to actual situation, more suitable for land fertility evaluation project of Huaibei plain areas.更多还原