【作者】 王鹏举；

【导师】 马友华； 张友华；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 农业是国民经济的基础,粗放、不合理的农业生产方式,导致了农业生态环境日益恶化,农业生产资源匿乏,农产品品质下降等一系列问题。鉴于现行的农业耕作模式和施肥方式,根据新时期国家粮食安全的新形势新要求,农业部、财政部于2005年作出了在全国范围内开展测土配方施肥技术推广工作的重大决策。测土配方施肥是国内外公认的比较成熟的现代施肥技术,利用信息技术开发计算机施肥决策系统被证明是推广测土配方施肥的有效技术措施。地理信息系统(GIS)是地学与计算机科学的交叉产生的新兴学科,将地理信息系统(GIS)应用于农业,解决实际的农业规划决策、技术推广、产量预测、施肥推荐等问题是现代化农业发展的需要。触摸屏具有坚固耐用、反应速度快、节省空间、操作简便等优点,适宜于提供公共信息的查询,同时它适合不懂计算机的人操作。目前,很多有条件的研究机构结合本地实际情况开发研制了各自的农业专家系统、施肥专家系统或是施肥决策系统。但由于这些软件本身的问题,如需要计算机或是网络的支持,而中国大部分基层农技推广部门和农村地区还不十分富裕,计算机等硬件设施和网络建设力量有限,导致类似系统推广和使用并不广泛。本研究结合已有类似软件研究的不足,通过农业与信息技术的紧密结合,把施肥决策系统和触摸屏技术相结合,采用Microsoft Access建立属性数据库以及由矢量图层建立空间数据库,根据大量试验数据建立施肥模型,采用C#语言,以Microsoft .NET Framework为开发环境,在环境中添加GIS组件用于地图开发,最终完成以触摸屏形式运行的测土配方施肥决策触摸屏系统。系统主要包括区域施肥、精准施肥、土壤养分、地力评价和土壤分布等五个模块,能够提供项目县区域和精准施肥配方的查询和打印功能,并包括土壤养分、地力等级和土壤类型的全县分布情况查询。系统界面友好,操作简单明了,实用性强,能够方便地为农民提供便捷的科学施肥指导,为基层农技推广部门提供技术支撑,为农资经营网点和供肥企业提供应用平台,为政府决策提供参考。本系统的开发应用是测土配方施肥成果数字化的有机延伸,是加速测土配方施肥技术推广应用的有效平台,是测土配方施肥推向深入的有力举措,是农业信息进村入户的有益尝试,是创新为农服务的有效方式,具有广阔的市场需求和推广前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, extensive and unreasonable way of agricultural production, resulting in deteriorating agricultural ecological environment, agricultural production, lack of resources, Punic, declining quality of agricultural products, such as a series of problems. In view of the current model of farming and fertilization methods, according to national food security in the new period of the new requirements of the new situation, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance proposed a nationwide campaign Fertilization soil testing technology to promote the work of the major policy decisions in 2005.Fertilization of soil testing is recognized at home and abroad more mature application of modern technology, the use of information technology development of computer application systems have been proved to be the decision-making to promote soil testing Fertilization effective technical measures. Geographic Information System (GIS) is to study computer science and have an emerging cross-disciplinary, geographic information systems (GIS) used in agriculture, the solution of practical agricultural planning and decision-making, technology promotion, production forecasts, issues such as fertilizer recommendation is the development of modern agriculture needs. With a rugged touch-screen, the reaction speed, space-saving, easy to operate, etc., suitable for the provision of public information inquiries, at the same time it is suitable for those who do not know how to operate the computer.At present, many research institutions conditional local conditions combined with the development of agricultural experts in their respective systems, fertilization or fertilization expert system decision-making system. However, due to the software itself, such as computer or network needs the support of most of the grass-roots level in China to promote agricultural sector and rural areas are not very well-off, computer and network hardware such as the construction of the power facilities are limited, resulting in the promotion and use of similar systems not widespread.In this study, similar software has been combined with the lack of research, agriculture and information technology through the close integration of the fertilization decision-making system and touch screen technology, the use of Microsoft Access database, as well as the establishment of property established by the vector spatial database, in accordance with the establishment of a large number of experimental data fertilization model to Microsoft. NET Framework as a development platform, using C # language, for the secondary development of GIS software, the final completion of the form of touch-screen operation Fertilization soil testing decision-making touch-screen system. System, including regional fertilization, precision fertilizer application, soil nutrients, soil fertility evaluation and distribution of five modules, to provide project counties regional and accurate formula query application and print functions, and include soil nutrients, soil fertility levels and soil types of the county distribution of the query. System user-friendly, easy to understand, practical, easy and convenient for the farmers with the guidance of scientific fertilization for grass-roots promotion of agricultural sector to provide technical support for the agricultural fertilizer business networks for enterprises and application platform for government decision-making provide a reference. The development and application of the system are the results of soil testing digital Fertilization organic extension of soil testing is to accelerate the popularization and application of Fertilization effective technology platform, is the measured soil depth Fertilization to strong measures in the agricultural villages and peasant households useful information attempt, and innovation as an effective way to agricultural services and has broad prospects for the market demand and promote.更多还原