【作者】 郭前辉；

【导师】 刘圣勇；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 农业生物环境与能源工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 作为一个农业大国,目前我国80%的人口生活在农村地区,农村生活用能在国民生产中的比重越来越大,省柴灶和节煤炉是我国广大农村地区的主要用能设施,但由于我国农村地区经济发展落后,省柴灶和节煤炉具的发展远远落后于新农村建设的要求,开展高效、低排放的省柴节煤炉(灶)具的技术推广成为农村地区进行节能降耗工作的重点。由于目前省柴节煤炉具市场没有强制性标准要求,市场产品质量也参差不齐,尤其是许多省柴节煤炉具参数的标示更是根据缺乏必要的约束。省柴节煤炉具不良现状主要归因于当前我国省柴节煤综合测试检验测试的不规范性,虽然国家在省柴节煤炉具的测试上也有相应的测试标准供参考,但这些种测试只是界定了省柴节煤炉具测试的一般要求和一些测试参数指标,甚至许多指标是由人的主观因素进行判定,这就很容易引入测试数据的测量误差和人为干扰,无法对炉具进行公正、公平的客观比较。因此开发基于国家现行标准为基础的综合性省柴节煤炉具测试平台成为规范我国省柴节煤炉具市场、实现农村地区节能减排的重要措施。文章在国内省柴节煤炉具进行广泛调研的基础上,总结了现有各种省柴节煤炉具的型式特点,GB6412—86,家庭用煤及炉具试验方法为依据,设计开发了基于自动处理模式的省柴节煤炉具测试平台,并对测试平台与传统手工测试方法进行了对比测试运行,校正了测试平台的可靠性和稳定性。本文的主要内容和研究成果如下:1、对我国省柴节煤炉具市场进行了市场调研,研究了省柴节煤炉具测试技术发展现状,依据国家相关标准量化省柴节煤炉具综合测试参数指标。2、研制开发了具有数据自动采集和处理能力的省柴节煤炉具综合测试平台。该测试平台由称重单元、台架单元、测温单元、供水单元、自动控制系统、测试软件等6部分组成。该系统利用微机操作,可以实现蒸发锅内水重量的瞬时变化记录,蒸发锅内水温的瞬时变化记录,自动供水,炉口、炉壳温度瞬时变化记录等数据的采集,利用采集到的试验数据进行锅炉热效率、平均火力强度、上火时间、旺火时间等炉具测试主要指标和辅助指标的计算。3、测试系统模拟运行表明,该测试系统能完成国家标准中规定参数的采集和处理功能,并能自动完成测试报告的输出。4、通过手动和设计软件方法,测试了特定的节能煤炉和秸秆成型燃料炉,所测节煤炉和秸秆成型燃料炉的各项指标均符合一般炉具性能,测试有效。表明了作者设计的测试软件能按照GB6412—86家庭用煤及炉具试验方法完成炉具的测试,并且大大减少了手工测试的操作步骤,减少了测试过程中的误差。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a large agricultural country, 80 percent of China’s population live in rural areas, with the village life can be getting bigger and bigger at present in the national proportion, the majority of energy facilities is firewood cookstoves and coal stoves, in China’s rural areas.But because our country countryside area economic development backwardness, the firewood cookstoves and coal stoves’ development falls behind by far of the new rural reconstruction request, carry out the high efficient, low-emission diesel-section of the firewood and coal saving stoves with the technology to promote rural areas is the focus of the work of saving energy and reducing consumption.At present, beacouse there is not have the compulsory standard request of the firewood and coal saving stoves in the market, the market products’quality are also uneven, especially many the firewood and coal saving stoves’indication lacks the essential restraint. The bad present situation of the firewood and coal saving stoves mainly to attribute to the test standards of the firewood and coal saving stoves is non-normative in our country, although the country also has the corresponding test criteria in the firewood and coal saving stoves’ test to supply the reference, but these kinds of tests have only limited the firewood and coal saving stoves’test general request and some test parameter target, even many targets are carry on the determination by person’s subjective factor, this is very easy to introduce the test data of the measuring error and the jamming, it’s unable to carry comparison the stoves on fairly and objectively.Therefore, development a test platform that based on the national present standard for the foundation of the firewood and coal saving stove become the standard our country the market of the firewood and coal saving stoves, to realize the countryside area energy conservation to reduce a row of important measures.The article widespread investigation carries on the firewood and coal saving stove and in the foundation, summarized the existing each kind of firewood and coal saving stoves’pattern characteristic, GB6412-86, Method for testing household coal and stoves is the basis, designed and developed a tested platform based on the automatic reduction firewood and coal saving stoves, and compared between the tested the platform and the tradition manual test method, adjusted the reliability and the stability of the tested platform. This article primary coverage and the research results are as follows:1、Has carried the market research on firewood and coal saving stove in our country and studied on the development testing technology of it , based on the national standards to firewood and coal saving Stove integrated test parameters.2. Developed with automatic data acquisition and processing capacity of the provincial firewood and coal saving Stove integrated test platform. The test platform consists of weighing units, bench units, measurement unit, water unit, automatic control systems, test software components, and so on. The systems use of microcomputer operating, can collect the weight and temperature in Pot of water evaporation instantaneous changes record, Automatic water supply, temperature instantaneous change records in Furnace mouth and shell, The use of collected data to calculate the testing of key indicators and support indicators about the thermal efficiency of boilers, the average fire intensity, time of lit.3. Simulation tests the running shows that the test system can achieve the national standards set forth in the parameters of the acquisition and processing functions, and auto-complete test report output.4, Through the manual and software methods to test a specific energy-saving and straw briquette furnace, the measured section and straw briquette furnace of the indicators are in line with the general performance of appliances to test effectively. Shows that the author can test software designed in accordance with GB6412-86 family and stoves coal stoves pilot test methods and test greatly reduces the manual steps, reducing errors in the testing process.更多还原