【作者】 卢文娟；

【导师】 郇庆治；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 国际政治， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 环境问题从1970年代以后正式进入全球政治议程,此后,在国际社会的共同努力下全球环境治理取得了一系列的长足进展,这包括联合国环境机构UNEP、GEF,UNCSD的先后建立,以及其它10数个相关机构对全球环境治理的全面参与,当然还包括来自各国政府和国际公民社会的巨大贡献;同时,环境保护意识和可持续发展理念也已广泛地深入到国际社会的各个层面,成为一种普遍性共识。然而环境问题并未从根本上得以解决,甚至有愈演愈烈之势,环境保护工作面临着巨大的挑战。那么造成这一困境的原因是什么?环境善治的出路在哪里?本文的基本理论假设是:环境制度是通向全球环境善治的核心要素,而民族国家(或者国家集团)是构建国际制度并确保其有效性的根本动力所在。基于此文章将研究对象定位于全球环境制度,以及高度制度化的成果——WEO,通过构建民族国家(或国家集团)与制度发展之间的一种相互关系,试图弄清前者是如何影响后者的,继而对“全球环境制度能否以及如何走出目前的治理困境”这一问题作了初步论证。在此基础上,本文的主要架构分为三部分。第一部分“导言”提出了文章所研究的主要问题及研究意义、研究背景和研究方法,界定了主要的研究对象和基本概念。第二部分为文章的主体部分,共分三章。主要通过对全球环境制度30多年来发展进程的纵向梳理(第一章“对全球环境制度的阶段性分析”)及对现有制度状况的比较分析(第二章“对全球环境制度发展现状的评估”)系统地描述了全球环境制度的发展脉络和现存问题,从而回答了“全球环境制度是否存在改革的必要性”这一问题;第三章“构建通向善治的WEO”,试图通过对三大集团在国际、国内两个层面上的绿色博弈,初步论证了全球环境制度改革的动力机制以及构建WEO的现实可能性;最后一章“中国与WEO”则站在中国视角上尝试对其在全球环境制度改革中所面临的战略选择作初步探究,认为中国有可能成为全球环境制度改革的推动力量,进而可能成为WEO成功构建的企业家型领导者。更多还原

【Abstract】 The issues of environmental protection have been brought into the agenda of international politics formally since 1970s. Following with the hard work of the international actors together with each other, it has gotten great achievements, such as the appearance of the UN institutions concluding UNEP, GEF and UNCSD etc, as well as the Environmentalism and the concepts of "Sustainable Development" have entered into the heart of the human beings all over the world and have been accepted by most actors of international community. Although the national states and the international institutions or organizations especially those pointed above has paid kinds of efforts to it, the situation of environmental governance does not appears to be better till today, to some extent it does get more and more seriously. That is to say, the human beings are facing great challenge in the process of environment protection. Then, what is the original problem and where should the world go if we look forward to the good governance of environment?The theoretical hypothesis of this thesis is that, the perfect and effective institutions could take the environmental protection into the aim of good governance, and at the same time the national states together with the bloc of nations could provide dynamic mechanism for the building and reformation of international institutions. For the environmental issues, the global institutions surely become the key complication towards environmental good governance, which could be helpful to improve the effect of environmental protection all over the word. Moreover, there is a great need to build a new global environmental governance institution, which is more powerful than today’s UNEP just as what the Environmentalist and international political officer has called for in recent years. The thesis will try to expound and prove the necessity and the possibility of environmental reformation and finally to set up the new environmental institution—World Environment Organization.Based on the above research path, this thesis consists of three parts. The first one is the introduction part, which brings out the main problems, value for research, literature review, definition for the basic concepts, research hypothesis and methodology together with the outline of the whole paper. As the main body, the second part contains four chapters, which will tries to describe and analyze the main problems presented by the research path in the introduction. Chapter one illuminates the historical process of the global environmental institutions from 1972 till now, which has been divided into three periods. And chapter two aims at examining the status quo of global environmental institutions by four variables, which includes MEAs, environmental institution framework, financial mechanism and key actors. The third chapter strives for analyze the possibility to build the new institution- WEO starting from the description about the three rounds of discussions for WEO and illuminating the main function of nation states towards the Environmental Institutions with the perspective of two-level game in the following. And the chapter four describes the role of China for building WEO, and make clear that what China should do for the international environmental protection and its institutional building in the future. And the last part named conclusion sums up the whole research, provides a further thinking and outlook about the environmental governance and institutional reformation in the earliest political opportunity structure.更多还原