离子交换法生产钼酸铵工艺研究

【作者】 陈志刚；

【导师】 赵中伟；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 有色金属冶金， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 钼是一种战略资源,广泛应用于冶金、化工、机械及石油等领域。钼酸铵是钼深度加工的重要中间半成品,而钼精矿的传统冶炼工艺正受到新型离子交换工艺的挑战,借鉴钨冶炼在离子交换领域的成功应用,由于钨、钼系同属于同一族,性质极为相似,通过对钼精矿的氧化焙烧、脱硫综合回收、钼焙砂的碱性浸出、离子交换以及蒸发结晶过程的工艺试验、研究,建立了离子交换生产钼酸铵的工艺技术,并通过工业化生产的试验、验证,离子交换生产钼酸铵工艺技术是一种全新的工艺技术,相对于经典法的传统工艺,该技术具有以下特点:1.工艺过程相对简单、生产工序少,流程合理,易于实现自动化控制。2.利用先进的回转窑焙烧技术和完善的收尘系统,对辉钼矿进行氧化焙烧;钼焙砂采用两段浸出,钼浸出率高达98.5%以上;通过离子交换串柱技术的研究,确保了交换吸附率达99%以上;全流程的金属回收率高达96.58%。3.充分、有效地利用离子交换过程的工艺水,蒸发回收冷凝水,蒸发系统循环水,回收转窑的尾气余热,降低能源消耗和节约水资源,大大减少了运行辅助费用。4.对蒸发结晶过程等所产生的氨水进行密闭回收处理,氨的回收率达99.5%,既综合回收利用了氨,又减少了“三废”污染,生产环境良好,环境治理技术先进,符合国家提倡的清洁生产的产业发展方向。5.产品二钼酸铵质量经检验,其物理、化学性能均满足国家标准,产品颗粒均匀、规则,无细小颗粒粘附或大小不一的情况,更能适应钼的深加工生产的要求。随着国家对环保的强化,以及国家对钼资源的保护,相信不久的将来,离子交换钼冶炼工艺技术会逐步替代传统的经典法工艺技术,并受到钼冶炼行业的重视、应用和发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Molybdenum has been widely applied in the metallurgy, chemistry, mechanics and petroleum field as a strategic resource. Ammonium Molybdate is the key semi-finished intermediate product. The traditional smelting process of molybdenum concentrate is now being challenged by the new technology of ion exchange. Because molybdenum and tungsten belong to the same main group, they have the extremely similar properties. The successful practice of tungsten in the field of ion exchange can be used in the molybdenum metallurgy. Molybdenum concentrate is treated by oxidative roasting, desulfuration for comprehensive recovery and hyperbaric alkaline leaching of molybdenum calcine. The technology of producing ammonium molybdate with ion exchange is established by the experiment of rough sodium molybdate solution’s ion exchange and evaporation crystallization. The process is new kind of technology and verified by industrial production. Compared with traditional process, this technology has the following characteristics:1. Simple technical processes, reasonable process and easy to realize automation.2. Molybdenite is treated & byoxidative roasting with advanced rotary kiln and perfect dust collecting system. After two-stage leaching, the leaching rate of molybdenum is above 98.5%. The ion-exchange series-column absorption can guarantee the absorption rate of Mo reach 99%. The total recovery rate of Mo can reach 96.85%.3. The waste water of ion exchange, condensate and circulating water of evaporation and the tail gas waste heat of rotary kiln are sufficiently and effectively utilized. The consumption of energy and water and the cost of operation are greatly reduced.4. The closed recycling is used to treat the ammonia in the process of evaporation crystallization. The recovery rate of ammonia reaches 99.5%. The waste pollution is reduced and the production environment is good. The advanced environmental protection is in accordance with the direction of industrial development of clean production advocated by the government.5. After testing, the pHysical and chemical properties of ammonium molybdate accord with national standard. The products have uniform particles. The quality of ammonium molybdate is high enough to meet the requirements for the deep processing of molybdenum bar and filament. With more and more governmental empHasis on environmental and molybdenum resources protection, the technology of ion exchange to molybdenum smelting will gradually replace the traditional production process and be recognized, used and developed by molybdenum smelting industry.更多还原