【作者】 陈娟；

【导师】 闫丽梅；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,世界上多个国家的电力系统相继出现了由于连锁故障而引起的大范围停电事故,已造成了巨大的经济损失和严重的社会影响。电力系统连锁故障问题引起了国内外学者的广泛关注,因此探求连锁故障的出现机理,寻求避免该现象出现的有效手段已成为电力界研究的一个热点问题。本文以大庆油田电网为研究对象,研究了110kV以及35kV等级的电网,完成了油田电网连锁故障预警系统的开发。根据电力系统主接线图得到大庆油田电网模型,在选择初始故障时,选择的是输电线路的有功功率容量裕度与开断分布系数相结合的方法,这样选择关键输电断面更为简捷快速有效,然后进行N-b开断,计算线路开断后的潮流,与线路的最大承受有功功率比较是否过载,继续开断过载的线路,直到开断层数大于6或者系统失稳,然后存储相应的线路开断模式,最后根据相继开断结果绘制相应的故障树结构,经过故障树的定性分析和定量分析得到顶事件发生的概率和最小割集。为油田电网的安全运行提供相应的参考依据,从而很大程度上节省了人力物力,提高相应人员的事故处理能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, some big blackouts occurred in many countries around the world have brought tremendous damages. Such catastrophic events were usually caused by cascading tripping of some power system devices(cascading failure ).So, studies on the mechanism of cascading failure and preventive approaches to avoid blackouts in power systems had become an important hot topic.This paper is based on the Daqing oil-field grid, it studies the power system of 110kV and 35kV, then finishes developing system of cascading failure. The model of Daqing oil-grid can be got from the connection of power system. It is more useful and rapid to choose the initial fault when we combined the margin of active power and open distribution coefficient. Then ,we need the N-b analysis to determine which line nearly to overload because the active power of the line is larger than the max active power, it continues to cut the overload line until the depth of searching is bigger than 6 or the system is destabilization. We can get the results of every corresponding open line, in the end, we can draw the fault tree according to the results. After the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of fault tree, we can get the probability and the minimal cut sets of top event. These achievements can offer a reference to protect the security of oil-field grid, and have a high economical efficiency and enhance the ability of solve problems.更多还原