【作者】 宋雪莲；

【导师】 李刚；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 当代思想政治教育特别是高校思想政治教育实效性差的问题比较突出,造成实效性差的原因是多方面的,但思想政治教育方法的落后无疑是重要原因。近年来,随着改革开放的深入发展,当代思想政治教育方法也进行了一系列调整和改革,但多停留在理论层次而未能深入到教育教学实践之中。高校是思想政治教育的主阵地,但其思想政治教育方法主要还是采用灌输法,具有单一性、单向性和片面性等缺点,忽视了学生的主体能动性与师生之间的交流互动,过分强调政治教育而忽视基本道德素质的培养,过分注重理论教育而未能顾及身体力行的社会实践及人文养成教育。本文从思想政治教育方法存在的主要问题出发,以高校思想政治教育为中心,借鉴中国古代教育家孔子的教育实践及方法,探索当代思想政治教育方法的创新问题。孔子的教育思想与当代思想政治教育在目标、实质与手段尤其是政治教育与道德教育相结合方面具有一致性,其教育方法具有在当代思想政治教育中运用的可能性与可行性。本文试图在当代思想政治教育中借鉴和运用孔子成功的教育方法。孔子教育方法博大精深,本文首先介绍了孔子教育方法的精髓,即重视学生的主体能动性及师生间的互动、注重在洒扫应对进退中培养学生的政治和道德意识,在富有感染力的形式中完成了养成教育,重视知行合一、学以致用,而这些恰好是当代思想政治教育最为欠缺的方面和最薄弱的环节。而后文章用陶行知、毛泽东、刘少奇、梁漱溟四个近代对孔子的教育方法成功借鉴的案例进行了实证证明,提供有力的借鉴依据。本文借鉴孔子的教育方法,提出了当代思想政治教育方法论上的原则创新,分别是:主体性原则、德智并重原则、理论联系实际原则.随后文章构建了当代思想政治教育的方法论体系,积极借鉴孔子的教育方法探索当代思想政治教育的创新.具体的教育方法主要归结了七个方面,分别是:因材施教、启发诱导、学思结合、自省慎独、榜样示范、知行合一和教学相长。从而进行方法创新的研究,以期增强当代思想政治教育的实效性。当然,对于此问题,本文远未穷尽对其的研究,关于孔子的教育方法和当代思想政治教育方法模式的建构还有待于进一步的推敲和完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main question which the contemporary ideological and political education faced is the result is not very effective; the primary cause is method expiration. Although the contemporary ideological and political education has adjusted and reformed in the methods, in fact, the method of instillation was mainly used. This method has some shortcomings, such as unitary, unidirectional and unilateral and so on. The educational thought of Confucius has the uniformity with the contemporary ideological and political education in aspects of the goal, essence and the methods, especially the combination of Politics and education. Its educational method can be applied in the contemporary ideological and political education possibly and the feasibly. This article just based on it. The contemporary ideological and political education tried to utilize and refer to the educational methods of Confucius. The educational methods of Confucius are broad and profound, this article mainly summed up seven aspects. They respectively are: teaching students according to their aptitude, inspiration and induction, studying and thinking, hardworking and asking, restraining oneself and engaging in introspection, studying for the purpose of application and being friends between teachers and students mutually. By carrying on exhaustive explanation and the analysis respectively to pedagogue, students as well as the relationship and medium between teachers and students, in order to build the rationale for the concrete utilization later. We can carry on four successful cases which utilize the educational methods of Confucius in modern times to notify. They’re Tao Xingzhi, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi and Liang Shuming, providing the powerful model basis. Finally we obtain that the contemporary ideological and political education also to be supposed to correspond from above seven aspects profits from the Confucius outstanding educational method to be adopted by us, thus carrying on the research on innovation about methods, hoping to enhance the effectiveness of contemporary ideological and political education. Certainly, regarding this question, this article has not exhausted to its research, also needing to further research on educational method of Confucius and the new pattern of the methods about contemporary ideological and politicaleducation.更多还原