【作者】 赵伟；

【导师】 申福林；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 车辆工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 以某型电控空气悬架大客车为研究对象,利用ANSYS软件分别建立了其车身结构的有蒙皮及无蒙皮有限元模型,在深入了解电控空气悬架的原理及工作特性的基础上,结合GB/T 6792—1996《客车车身骨架应力、形变测量方法》中规定的测量工况实现方法,对该车悬架系统的空气弹簧、导向机构等结构进行了假设与简化,提出了一种新的、符合空气悬架客车电测工况条件的有限元边界处理方法,在此基础上,对该车有限元模型的静、动态性能进行了分析。研究表明,运用有限元法对空气悬架客车进行弯曲、扭转工况的静力分析时,可以不用考虑空气弹簧的非线性特征,而以刚性支撑代替弹性支撑;对于该车后悬架,确定弯曲、扭转工况的边界条件时,不应忽略扁担梁绕后轴的转动作用;对于该车前悬架,确定扭转工况的边界条件时,不应忽略其双横臂导向杆对前部车身下降轨迹的影响作用;研究结果还表明,蒙皮并非总是能减小车身结构各总成的最大应力及门窗对角线变形,它们增加、减小或基本不变的情况都有可能出现。更多还原

【Abstract】 A bus with electronically controlled air suspension (ECAS) was taken as the object of the study, and the finite element (FE) model of the bus body was established by means of ANSYS program. On the basis of full understanding of the principle and characteristics of the ECAS, take account of the measure method which is suggested by GB/T 6792-1996 "Measure method of stress and deformation for bus body skeleton", and made some hypotheses and simplifications of the air springs and guide mechanism of the suspension, then a new boundary conditions which accord with the condition in measuring the stress and deformation of the bus with ECAS was put forward. On these foundations, the static and dynamic characteristics of the bus body FE model were analyzed.The study show that, when analyze the static characteristics of body of a bus with air suspension in bending, twisting case by using finite element method, the non-linear characteristic of the air spring stiffness can be ignored, so, the elastic surpport can be replaced with rigid support; For the rear suspension of the bus, when establish the boundary conditions of bending and twisting case, the rotation about rear axle of C-beam cannot be ignored; For the front suspension of the bus, the influence which the double wishbone exert on fall track of the forepart bus body cannot be ignored; The study also show that, the panel skin is not always reduce the maximal stress of body units and the diagonal transformation of doors and windows, they can be increased, reduced and invariable.更多还原