【作者】 杨超；

【导师】 王平；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 环境工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文以粉煤灰、壳聚糖为原料,在微波辐射下制备三种吸附剂。以模拟活性染料和分散染料废水为处理对象,以脱色率为主要评价指标,结合CODcr等监测指标,考察在常温条件下pH值、吸附剂用量、搅拌时间、染料种类等因素对絮凝沉淀效果的影响。实验结果表明:(1)壳聚糖复合粉煤灰、壳聚糖复合改性粉煤灰、戊二醛交联壳聚糖复合改性粉煤灰三类吸附剂对活性染料和分散染料都具有较强的吸附性能。在pH为3～4条件下三类吸附剂的吸附效果较好;(2)在pH值等于4、吸附剂用量1g/L、废水初始浓度60mg/L时,吸附剂对活性橙染料的脱色和絮凝效果最好,此时三类吸附剂对活性橙染料废水的脱色率分别为96.96%、97.07%、93.07%;(3)采用高温活化的方法改性粉煤灰,发现在改性温度200～800℃范围内,脱色率均是先增加后减小,在500℃时达到最高;(4)以戊二醛为交联剂的吸附剂的配比为:粉煤灰8g,25%戊二醛体积1mL,壳聚糖0.5g;以香草醛为交联剂的吸附剂的配比为:粉煤灰5g,香草醛质量1g,壳聚糖0.3g;(5)三类吸附剂中以戊二醛交联壳聚糖复合吸附剂对染料废水的CODcr去除率较好,0.5g戊二醛交联壳聚糖复合改性粉煤灰吸附剂对浓度240mg/L活性染料的CODcr去除率大于60%,对分散染料的CODcr去除率达80%,交联壳聚糖复合改性粉煤灰吸附剂在中性条件下处理活性染料脱色率达到40%。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, fly ash and chitosan were sellected as raw materials, three adsorbents were prepared under microwave irradiation. The simulated dye wastewaters for reactive and disperse dyes were sellected as references, the adsorption properties of the adsorbents were tested, and decolorization ratio was a main evaluated index. With CODcr removal ratio as monitoring indexes, under the room temperature, the effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, stirring time, dye type and other major factors on the decolorization ratio and flocculation precipitation were investigated. The results showed that: (1) The three adsorbents of chitosan composite fly ash, chitosan composite modified fly ash, crosslinked chitosan composite modified fly ash have good adsorption properties active and disperse dyes under pH = 3~4. (2) When pH was 4, adsorbent dosage was 1g/L, dye concentration for initial wastewater was 60mg/L, the adsorbent has best performance on the decolorization ratio and flocculation for orange dye. Then, the decolorization ratios of the three adsorbents for the orange dye wastewater were 96.96%, 97.07%, 93.07%. (3) High temperature activation method was used to modify fly ash, the modified temperature was 200~800℃, and the decolorization ratio increased firstly and then decreased, the highest decolorization ratio was found at 500℃. (4) The adsorbent with glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent, its composite ratio: 8g fly ash, 1mL 25% glutaraldehyde, and 0.5g chitosan; The adsorbent with vanillin as cross-linking agent , its composite ratio: 5g fly ash, 1g vanillin, and 0.3g chitosan. (5) The CODcr removal ratio of the dye wastewater was best for the adsorbent with glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan. Treated by 0.5g adsorbent of glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan composite modified fly ash, the CODcr removal ratios of 240mg/L active and disperse dye wastewaters were over 60% and 80%, respectively. Under neutral conditions, treated by the adsorbent prepared by cross-linked chitosan composite modified fly ash, the decolorization ratio for active dye wastewater reached 40%.更多还原