【作者】 倪吉；

【导师】 李念平；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国国民经济的发展,能源供应出现日益紧缺,节约能源已成为我国可持续发展的重要战略。建筑能耗作为能源消耗的大户,建筑节能工作已经到了刻不容缓的地步。大型公共建筑的节能问题是建筑节能的重中之重,目前公共建筑占城镇总建筑面积的5%~6%,但用电量为住宅建筑的用电量的10倍以上。本文选择长沙市公共建筑中的政府办公建筑作为研究对象,对其5个区的40栋政府办公建筑进行能源审计。审计主要采用现场填表、现场勘察、与管理人员沟通等方式对建筑的基本信息、设备的规格型号、台数、容量及能源消耗情况进行统计,经过数据整理分析出长沙地区政府办公建筑用能的一般特征。审计数据表明,长沙政府办公建筑单位面积电耗主要集中在30~100 kWh/(m2?a)之间,平均用电量是63.17 kWh/(m2?a),终端能耗折算成总用电量后,平均用电量是112.9 kWh/(m2?a),不同建筑个体之间存在较大的差异,政府办公建筑有巨大的节能潜力。据估算,空调能耗占建筑总能耗的46%,照明大概占20%,其余用电设备占34%,由此可见,空调能耗为政府办公建筑的主要能耗,所占比例较大,但是我们可以通过一些措施,在保证室内舒适的前提下,减少空调的能耗。本文通过能源审计方法,找出目前长沙地区政府办公建筑用能存在的一些问题,提出了相应的改进措施,并以某政府办公建筑为例,对其进行详细的能源审计,借助能耗模拟软件eQuest进行能耗模拟,找出节能潜力。研究结果表明,把能源审计与能耗模拟相结合是一种有效的节能改造方法,值得在其他节能改造项目中推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of our national economy, and the growing shortage of energy supply, energy conservation has become an important strategy for sustainable development. Building energy consumption is the major energy consumption, so building energy conservation has come to a critical state. The energy efficiency of large public building is the most important. At present, public building has account for the total building area of 5% -6%, but electricity consumption is 10 times more than residential electricity consumption.This dissertation takes the government office buildings in the city of Changsha as research objects, among which forty buildings in five different districts were chosen to make energy auditings. The investigation in this research was conducted by means of questionnaire, site survey, conversations with the managers. Criteria used in the investigation included the basic information, the type, size and quantity of the equipments, and the energy consumption amount. Common characteristics of the government office buildings in Changsha are extracted from the statistics which show that air-conditioning accounted for 46% of total energy consumption, lighting accounts for approximately 20%, and the other electrical appliances represent 34%. Accoding to the auditing, the average electricity consumption of per unit area in these buildings is between 30 and 100 kWh/(m2?a),average electricity consumption is 63.17 kWh/(m2?a) and 112.9 kWh/(m2?a) in total. However, it is manifest that there exists remarkable difference in the energy comsumption in different buildings and the potential for energy saving is great. Despite that air-conditioning constitues a considerable large portion of the total energy consumption, a series of measures can be taken to reduce air-conditioning energy consumption on the premise of guaranteeing the comfort inside the building. By means of energy auditing, the study comes up with some possible problems of the current high energy consumption of government office buildings in Changsha and proposes integrated energy saving solutions according to the manifold causes. Additionally, the study measures the energy-saving potential of one sample building based on the simulation of energy consumption with the aid of eQuest (an energy consumption prediction software). The result indicates that the method combining energy auditing and energy consumption simulation is efficient and worths popularizing for other energy-saving transformations.更多还原