【作者】 张海霞；

【导师】 王全兴；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 经济法学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 最低工资制度是以国家强制力的手段将普通劳动群体的工资控制在劳动力市场可以承受的范围内,并能满足劳动者本人及家庭成员的基本生存需要的一种制度。对于最低工资制度的存废,争论颇多,反对者与赞成者各执一词。我国于1994年就已经以法律形式确立了最低工资制度。我国实行该制度的理论依据是工资议价理论、社会公平理论、经济效益理论、人力资本理论。最低工资制度对我国社会结构构建、劳动力市场结构的改善、不同产业的发展都具有一定的积极意义。在当前的经济危机下,我国更应该坚持实行最低工资标准。我国现行最低工资制度的适用范围、“最低工资”的界定、最低工资标准的确定、测算方法以及调整等实体法方面均存在诸多问题。关于最低工资制度的适用范围,建议扩大范围,明确非正规就业群体的适用方法;关于最低工资的内涵,建议对“正常劳动”的界定采取举证责任倒置原则;关于最低工资确立标准,必须立法明晰;对于最低工资的测算方法,则应考虑多元因素,进行定量与定性分析;对于最低工资标准的调整,建议以GDP增幅为依据建立物价联动机制,科学规定调整时间,严格调整程序。因此,在当前的经济危机下,人力资源和社会保障部发出暂缓最低工资调整的通知,变更法律规定的做法是不明智的,建议依法实行有弹性的最低工资制度。我国最低工资制度在执行中侵犯劳动者权益的现象比较严重,有立法原因、监管原因、市场原因和劳资双方的原因。在立法完善方面,建议提高立法层级,增加工资标准的透明度,建立最低工资制度立法的听证程序;在监管完善方面,建议进一步加强劳动行政监察,在加强行政问责的基础上建立工资发放备案制度和欠薪追缴制度,同时建立企业信用评价机制,多方联动,共同监督;另外,还应该适度发挥政府的宏观调控作用,做出正确的决策,切实保障劳动者权益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The minimum wage system is regulated by the government to keep the ordinary labor’s wages within the limits of labor market by a means of coercive power, which can also meet the workers and family members’basic survival needs. There are lots of disputes on the minimum wage system’s existence. The objectors and supporters have different opinions. China has established the minimum wage system by legal form in 1994. The minimum wage system in our country is grounded on the theory of wage bargaining, social justice, economic and human capital. And the minimum wage system has a positive meaning on the social structure’s construction, labor markets and different industries. In the context of the present economic crisis, we should insist on the implementation of the minimum wage standards.There are a number of problems on the applied scope of the minimum wage system, the meaning and range of minimum wage, the establishment and adjustment of the minimum wage standards, and the extermination method of minimum wage standards. With respect to the applied scope of the minimum wage system, we suppose to enlarge its scope and define the applicable method of informal employment group; with respect to the meaning of minimum wage, we suppose to take burden of proof inversion principle to define normal work; with respect to the established standard of minimum wage, we suppose to make law to clear its standard; with respect to the extermination method of minimum wage, we should consider multiple elements to conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis; with respect to the adjustment of minimum wage standards, we suppose to establish the price linkage mechanism which based on the growth rate of GDP, formulate the adjustment time scientifically and strict adjustment procedure. However, in the context of the present economic crisis, the ministry of human resources and social security issued the notice on the suspension of the adjustment of minimum wage. It is unwise to alter the rules. The minimum wage rules should be implemented strictly.In the implementation of minimum wage, the phenomena of encroach on the rights and interests of laborers is serious. There are so many causes, as legislation, supervision, market and both the labor and management. In conation with perfecting legislation, we supposed to improve the rank of legislation, establish its hearing procedure; in conation with perfecting supervision, we supposed to strengthen labor supervision, establish the record-keeping of wages’payment and the recovery of default of wages system on the basis of strengthening the administrative accountability system, and set up the enterprises’credit evaluation mechanism. All of them must be used to supervise the implementation of minimum wage. In addition, the government should play a moderate role in the macro-control, and make a strategic decision to protect the rights and interests of laborers.更多还原